Broadcasting system for broadcasting images with augmented motion data

ABSTRACT

A broadcasting system for broadcasting images with augmented motion data, which includes at least one camera, a computer and a wireless communication interface. The system obtains data from motion capture elements, analyzes data and optionally stores data in database for use in broadcasting applications, virtual reality applications and/or data mining. The system also recognizes at least one motion capture data element associated with a user or piece of equipment, and receives data associated with the motion capture element via the wireless communication interface. The system also enables unique displays associated with the user, such as 3D overlays onto images of the user to visually depict the captured motion data. Ratings, compliance, ball flight path data can be calculated and displayed, for example on a map or timeline or both. Furthermore, the system enables performance related equipment fitting and purchase.

This application is a continuation-in-part of U.S. Utility patentapplication Ser. No. 13/679,879 filed 21 Nov. 2012, which is acontinuation-in-part of U.S. Utility patent application Ser. No.13/298,158 filed 16 Nov. 2011 which is a continuation-in-part of U.S.Utility patent application Ser. No. 13/267,784 filed 6 Oct. 2011 whichis a continuation-in-part of U.S. Utility patent application Ser. No.13/219,525 filed 26 Aug. 2011 which is a continuation-in-part of U.S.Utility patent application Ser. No. 13/191,309 filed 26 Jul. 2011, whichis a continuation-in-part of U.S. Utility patent application Ser. No.13/048,850 filed 15 Mar. 2011, which is a continuation-in-part of U.S.Utility patent application Ser. No. 12/901,806 filed 11 Oct. 2010, whichis a continuation-in-part of U.S. Utility patent application Ser. No.12/868,882 filed 26 Aug. 2010, the specifications of which are herebyincorporated herein by reference.

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION

1. Field of the Invention

One or more embodiments setting forth the ideas described throughoutthis disclosure pertain to the field of motion capture data anddisplaying information based on motion analysis data associated with auser or piece of equipment and/or based on previous motion analysis datafrom the user or other user(s) and/or piece of equipment, includingpreviously stored data from the same user, different user or historicaluser, for example based on calculated motion data, in one embodiment ascalculated based on analysis of motion obtained from a motion picture orvideo. More particularly, but not by way of limitation, one or moreaspects of the disclosure enable a broadcasting system for broadcastingimages with augmented motion data. One or more aspects of the disclosurealso enable a virtual reality system for viewing current and previouslystored or calculated motion data that enables use of actual motioncapture data obtained from portable wireless motion capture elementssuch as visual markers and sensors, radio frequency identification tagsand mobile device computer systems, or calculated based on analyzedmovement associated with the same player, other player, historicalplayers, to implement virtual reality with highly accurate motiondepiction.

2. Description of the Related Art

Existing broadcasting systems and virtual reality systems are known butlack highly accurate motion display. In addition, known systems are notbased on motion capture data obtained from high resolution sensors andare not based on previously stored high resolution motion data from theuser or other users or piece of equipment, or from motion capture dataobtained through the analysis of historical videos for example. Knownsystems do not contemplate data mining of motion data to form an averageplayer or average professional player level, or any player level basedon a function of previously stored motion data, for use in virtualreality for example and do not let a particular user play against apreviously stored motion of the same user or other user along with ahistorical player for example.

In addition, other types of motion capture includes a technique to teacheffective body mechanics utilizes video recording of an athlete andanalysis of the recorded video of an athlete. This technique has variouslimitations including inaccurate and inconsistent subjective analysisbased on video for example. Another technique includes motion analysis,for example using at least two cameras to capture three-dimensionalpoints of movement associated with an athlete. Known implementationsutilize a stationary multi-camera system that is not portable and thuscannot be utilized outside of the environment where the system isinstalled, for example during an athletic event such as a golftournament. These fixed installations are extremely expensive as well.Such prior techniques are summarized in U.S. patent Ser. No. 7,264,554,filed 26 Jan. 2006, which claims the benefit of U.S. Provisional PatentApplication Ser. No. 60/647,751 filed 26 Jan. 2005, the specificationsof which are both hereby incorporated herein by reference. Bothdisclosures are to the same inventor of the subject matter of theinstant application. Regardless of the motion capture data obtained, thedata is generally analyzed on a per user or per swing basis that doesnot contemplate processing on a mobile phone, so that a user would onlybuy a motion capture sensor and an “app” for a pre-existing mobilephone. In addition, existing solutions do not contemplate mobile use,analysis and messaging and/or comparison to or use of previously storedmotion capture data from the user or other users or data mining of largedata sets of motion capture data, for example to obtain or create motioncapture data associated with a group of users, for example professionalgolfers, tennis players, baseball players or players of any other sportto provide a “professional level” average or exceptional virtual realityopponent. To summarize, motion capture data is generally used forimmediate monitoring or sports performance feedback and generally hashad limited and/or primitive use in other fields.

Known motion capture systems generally utilize several passive or activemarkers or several sensors. There are no known systems that utilize aslittle as one visual marker or sensor and an app that for exampleexecutes on a mobile device that a user already owns, to analyze anddisplay motion capture data associated with a user and/or piece ofequipment. The data is generally analyzed in a laboratory on a per useror per swing basis and is not used for any other purpose besides motionanalysis or representation of motion of that particular user and isgenerally not subjected to data mining.

There are no known systems that allow for motion capture elements suchas wireless sensors to seamlessly integrate or otherwise couple with auser or shoes, gloves, shirts, pants, belts, or other equipment, such asa baseball bat, tennis racquet or golf club for local analysis or lateranalysis in such a small format that the user is not aware that thesensors are located in or on these items. There are no known systemsthat provide seamless mounts, for example in the weight port of a golfclub or at the end shaft near the handle so as to provide a wirelessgolf club, configured to capture motion data. Data derived from existingsensors is not saved in a database for a large number of events and isnot used relative to anything but the performance at which the motioncapture data was acquired.

In addition, for sports that utilize a piece of equipment and a ball,there are no known portable systems that allow the user to obtainimmediate visual feedback regarding ball flight distance, swing speed,swing efficiency of the piece of equipment or how centered an impact ofthe ball is, i.e., where on piece of equipment the collision of the ballhas taken place. These systems do not allow for user's to play gameswith the motion capture data acquired from other users, or historicalplayers, or from their own previous performances. Known systems do notallow for data mining motion capture data from a large number of swingsto suggest or allow the searching for better or optimal equipment tomatch a user's motion capture data and do not enable original equipmentmanufacturers (OEMs) to make business decisions, e.g., improve theirproducts, compare their products to other manufacturers, up-sellproducts or contact users that may purchase different or more profitableproducts.

In addition, there are no known systems that utilize motion capture datamining for equipment fitting and subsequent point-of-sale decisionmaking for instantaneous purchasing of equipment that fits an athlete.Furthermore, no known systems allow for custom order fulfillment such asassemble-to-order (ATO) for custom order fulfillment of sportingequipment, for example equipment that is built to customerspecifications based on motion capture data mining, and shipped to thecustomer to complete the point of sales process, for example during playor virtual reality play.

In addition, there are no known systems that use a mobile device andRFID tags for passive compliance and monitoring applications.

There are no known systems that enable data mining for a large number ofusers related to their motion or motion of associated equipment to findpatterns in the data that allows for business strategies to bedetermined based on heretofore undiscovered patterns related to motion.There are no known systems that enable obtain payment from OEMs, medicalprofessionals, gaming companies or other end users to allow data miningof motion data. For at least the limitations described above there is aneed for a broadcasting system for broadcasting images with augmentedmotion data and a virtual reality system for viewing current andpreviously stored or calculated motion data.

BRIEF SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION

Embodiments of the invention include at least one camera configured toreceive images containing at least one motion capture element, acomputer, and a wireless communication interface configured to receivemotion capture data from the at least one motion capture element. In oneor more embodiments, the computer is coupled with the wirelesscommunication interface and the at least one camera, and the computer isconfigured to receive the motion capture data after a communicationslink to the at least one motion capture element is available and capableof receiving information. Embodiments also may receive the motioncapture data after an event or periodically request the motion capturedata from the at least one motion capture element. This enables thesystem to withstand communication link outages, and even enables thesynchronization of video with motion capture data in time at a laterpoint in time, for example once the motion capture element is in rangeof the wireless receiver. Embodiments may receive motion capture datafrom at least one motion capture element, for example from one user ormultiple users or both.

Embodiments may be utilized in association with a user that moves, ordoes not move or otherwise performs a motion event, such as swinging,hitting, striking, riding, jumping, or moving, or not moving. Forexample the user may wear a helmet that contains a motion capturesensor, which the system may obtain data from. Alternatively, the usermay wear clothing having a motion capture sensor. The use may include ababy for example that may be monitored for moving or not moving in acrib, to detect seizures or Sudden Infant Death Syndrome (SIDS). Thisenables a range of motion values to be utilized for example to send analarm for motion values beneath a threshold or above a threshold todetect potential health issues. In addition, the system is able tointermittently obtain motion capture data associated with locations onthe user, or equipment such as a golf club, racket, bat, glove,skateboard, surfboard, skis, helmet or any other object. One or moreembodiments, may thus broadcast the event with video for example and themotion data to enable monitoring or general viewing for example of theamount of motion in video and quantitative formats.

One or more embodiments also may recognize the at least one motioncapture element associated with a user or piece of equipment andassociate the at least one motion capture element with assignedlocations on the user or the piece of equipment. For example, when auser performs a motion event, such as swinging, hitting, striking, orany other type of motion-related activity, the system is able toassociate the motion event with locations on the user, or equipment suchas a golf club, racket, bat, glove, or any other object, to recognize,or identify, the at least one motion capture element. Embodiments mayalso receive data associated with the at least one motion captureelement via the wireless communication interface, and also may receiveone or more images of the user associated with the motion captureelement from the at least one camera. Such data and images allow thesystem to, for example, obtain an array of information associated withusers, equipment, and events and/or to output various performanceelements therefrom. One or more embodiments may also analyze the data toform motion analysis data. Motion analysis data, for example, allows thesystem to obtain and/or output computer performance information to forexample broadcast to the users, to viewers, coaches, referees, networks,and any other element capable of receiving such information. Motionanalysis data for example may show motion related quantitative data in agraphical or other easy to understand viewing format to make the datamore understandable to the user than for example pure numerical lists ofacceleration data. For example, embodiments of the invention may alsodraw a three-dimensional overlay onto at least one of the one or moreimages of the user, a rating onto at least one of the one or more imagesof the user, at least one power factor value onto at least one of theone or more images of the user, a calculated ball flight path onto atleast one of the one or more images of the user, a time line showingpoints in time along a time axis where peak values occur onto at leastone of the one or more images of the user, an impact location of a ballon the piece of equipment onto at least one of the one or more images ofthe user, a slow motion display of the user shown from around the userat various angles at normal speed onto at least one of the one or moreimages of the user, or any combination thereof associated with themotion analysis data. One or more embodiments may also broadcast theimages to a multiplicity of display devices, and/or to the Internet. Forexample, the multiplicity of display devices may include televisions,mobile devices, or a combination of both televisions and mobile devices,or any other devices configured to display images.

In one or more embodiments, the computer may also be configured toaccess previously stored motion capture data or motion analysis dataassociated with the user or piece of equipment or previously storedmotion capture data or motion analysis data associated with at least oneother user or other piece of equipment. This allows the system to, forexample, analyze different movements or events associated with oneplayer, a second player, historical players, a first piece of equipmentsuch as a first golf club, or a second piece of equipment such as asecond golf club, in order to obtain motion depiction for statisticaluse, for display use, for use in a game, or any other relatedapplication. Embodiments may also broadcast information comprising atleast one avatar associated with the at least one user on a virtualreality display based on the motion analysis data associated with theuser or piece of equipment and the previously stored motion capture dataor motion analysis data associated with the user or piece of equipmentor the previously stored motion capture data or motion analysis dataassociated with at least one other user or other piece of equipment. Forexample, a player may play against an opponent, who may be a historicalfigure displayed as an avatar for example on a television or Internetbroadcast to show the difference in performance between the player and aprevious shot played by the same player or any other player. Inaddition, the images may be displayed on the virtual reality display,without the opponent, or historical figure, physically present with theplayer. In addition or alternatively, the computer may also beconfigured to broadcast the one or more images based on a comparison ofthe motion analysis data associated with the user or the piece ofequipment and previously stored motion capture data or motion analysisdata associated with the user or the piece of equipment or previouslystored motion capture data or the motion analysis data associated withat least one other user. For example, this allows the player to be shownin contrast to a novice, an average, or a professional level playerusing motion analysis data from various groups of players.

In one or more embodiments, the system may also comprise an identifiercoupled with the user or the piece of equipment. The computer orwireless interface may also further include an identifier reader toobtain the identifier, and the computer may be further configured toreceive the identifier in any manner and associate the identifier withthe motion analysis data. This allows the computer to accuratelyidentify, and/or locate, the user associated with the motion analysisdata. This is especially useful when multiple users or several peopleare located in the same area, or when multiple events are taking placein the same area.

In one or more embodiments, the computer is further configured tobroadcast the images to enable a multiplicity of viewers to purchase thepiece of equipment based on the images, and may also be configured tobroadcast an advertisement with information related to purchasing thepiece of equipment based the images. For example, the player, or pieceof equipment of interest, may have a new maximum power factor for agiven swing, or compared to the average power factor of average users,or professionals, suggesting that the piece of equipment used by theplayer may improve performance, in the interest of the potential buyer.Furthermore, for example, an advertisement may be displayed at thebottom of a display screen, or anywhere else on a display screen,showing the new maximum power factor along with a URL or otherinformation related to the equipment, allowing the viewer to purchasethe equipment. Other information related to the equipment may comprisephone numbers, addresses, names, vendors, events or any other datahelpful to the viewer in purchasing the equipment. In addition to, oralternatively, the computer may be further configured to broadcast theimages to enable a multiplicity of viewers to order a custom fittedpiece of equipment over a network, for example by specifying theirheight or other dimensions for example alone or in combination withpreviously stored motion capture data or physical parameters as measuredor derived therefrom.

At least one of the previously disclosed embodiments may also beconfigured to intermittently receive the motion capture data andsynchronize the images in time with the motion capture data. Thisenables video capture and motion capture data to be combined at a latertimer, as opposed to real-time combination of video and data. Thisenables intelligent low power usage on the motion capture element sincethe transmitter is not required to be transmitting continuously. In oneor more embodiments, the computer may be configured to intermittentlyreceive the motion capture data and synchronize the images in time withthe motion capture data based on location information associated withthe images, and location information, an identifier and time associatedwith the motion capture element. The computer of one or more embodimentsmay also be configured to intermittently receive the motion capture dataand synchronize the images in time with the motion capture data based ontime and an identifier associated with the images, and time and anidentifier associated with the motion capture data element. Also, in oneor more embodiments, the computer may be configured to intermittentlyreceive the motion capture data and synchronize the images in time withthe motion capture data based on time, location information and a motionevent associated with the images, and time, location information and amotion event associated with the motion capture data element.Configuring the computer as such allows the system to identify andlocate the user associated with the images and motion capture datareceived, by either using time and an identifier of the images andmotion capture element, or time, location and an event associated withthe images or motion capture data element. Using an identifier, forexample, allows the system to accurately identify a specific motioncapture element associated with the user or piece of equipment,especially when the motion capture data is obtained from a previouslystored or recorded event, rather than in real time. Also, using an eventassociated with the images and motion capture data element, in additionto the location and time, for example, allows the system to accuratelyidentify a specific motion associated with the user or piece ofequipment. A specific motion may include, a swing, a strike, a hit, orany other motion-related data, associated with the user or piece ofequipment. For example, if multiple players are located on a golfcourse, or if a player is advancing from one hole to the next on a golfcourse, using the location, time and event (or identifier in someinstances) associated with the player or pieces of equipment, the systemis able to identify which player performed which event at which locationand at what time. Furthermore, the system is able to correlate the datareceived to the correct player, based on the location, time, and event(or in some instances, identifier) information available. This enablesthe system to broadcast images with augmented motion data at a latertime and still be able to accurately associate the data and informationobtained to a specific user or piece of equipment and to the imagesthereof.

Embodiments of the invention also enable a virtual reality system forviewing current and previously stored or calculated motion data.Embodiments of the invention enable a user to purchase an application or“app” and a motion capture element and immediately utilize the systemwith their existing mobile computer, e.g., mobile phone. Embodiments ofthe invention may display motion information to a monitoring user, oruser associated with the motion capture element or piece of equipment.Embodiments may also display information based on motion analysis dataassociated with a user or piece of equipment based on (via a functionincluding comparison) previously stored motion capture data or motionanalysis data associated with the user or piece of equipment orpreviously stored motion capture data or motion analysis data associatedwith at least one other user. This enables sophisticated monitoring,compliance, interaction with actual motion capture data or patternobtained from other user(s), for example to play a virtual game usingreal motion data obtained from the user with responses generated basedthereon using real motion data capture from the user previously or fromother users (or equipment). This capability provides for playing againsthistorical players, for example a game of virtual tennis, or playingagainst an “average” professional sports person, and is unknown in theart until now.

Embodiments of the invention may utilize data mining on the motioncapture data to obtain patterns for users, equipment, or use the motioncapture data of a given user or other user in particular embodiments ofthe invention. Data mining relates to discovering new patterns in largedatabases wherein the patterns are previously unknown. Many methods maybe applied to the data to discover new patterns including statisticalanalysis, neural networks and artificial intelligence for example. Dueto the large amount of data, automated data mining may be performed byone or more computers to find unknown patterns in the data. Unknownpatterns may include groups of related data, anomalies in the data,dependencies between elements of the data, classifications and functionsthat model the data with minimal error or any other type of unknownpattern. Displays of data mining results may include displays thatsummarize newly discovered patterns in a way that is easier for a userto understand than large amounts of pure raw data. One of the results ofthe data mining process is improved market research reports, productimprovement, lead generation and targeted sales. Generally, any type ofdata that will be subjected to data mining must be cleansed, data minedand the results of which are generally validated. Businesses mayincrease profits using data mining. Examples of benefits of embodimentsof the invention include customer relationship management to highlytarget individuals based on patterns discovered in the data. Inaddition, market basket analysis data mining enables identifyingproducts that are purchased or owned by the same individuals and whichcan be utilized to offer products to users that own one product but whodo not own another product that is typically owned by other users. Otherareas of data mining include analyzing large sets of motion data fromdifferent users to suggest exercises to improve performance based onperformance data from other users. For example if one user has lessrotation of the hips during a swing versus the average user, thenexercises to improve flexibility or strength may be suggested by thesystem. In a golf course embodiment, golf course planners may determineover a large amount of users on a golf course which holes should beadjusted in length or difficulty to obtain more discrete values for theaverage number of shots per hole, or for determining the amount of timebetween golfers, for example at a certain time of day or for golfers ofa certain age. In addition, sports and medical applications of datamining include determining morphological changes in user performanceover time, for example versus diet or exercise changes to determine whatimproves performance the most. Use of motion capture data for aparticular user or with respect to other users enables healthcarecompliance, for example to ensure a person with diabetes moves a certainamount during the day, and morphological analysis to determine how auser's motion or range of motion has changed over time. Games may beplayed with motion capture data that enables virtual reality playagainst historical greats or other users. For example, a person may playagainst a previous performance of the same person or against the motioncapture data of a friend. This allows users to play a game in a historicstadium or venue in a virtual reality environment, but with motioncapture data acquired from the user or other users previously forexample. Military planners may utilize the motion capture data todetermine which soldiers are most fit and therefore eligible for specialoperations, or which ones should retire.

Embodiments of the system perform motion capture and/or display with anapplication for example that executes on mobile device that may includea visual display and an optional camera and which is capable ofobtaining data from at least one motion capture element such as a visualmarker and/or a wireless sensor. The system can also integrate withstandalone cameras, or cameras on multiple mobile devices. The systemalso enables the user to analyze and display the motion capture data ina variety of ways that provide immediate easy to understand graphicalinformation associated with the motion capture data. Motion captureelements utilized in the system intelligently store data for examplerelated to events associated with striking a ball, making a ski turn,jumping, etc., and eliminate false events, and greatly improve memoryusage and minimize storage requirements. In addition, the data may bestored for example for more than one event associated with the sportingequipment, for example multiple bat swings or for an entire round ofgolf or more if necessary at least until the data is downloaded to amobile device or to the Internet. Data compression of captured data mayalso be utilized to store more motion capture data in a given amount ofmemory. Motion capture elements utilized in the system may also beconfigured to intelligently power down portions of their circuitry tosave power, for example power down transceivers until motion is detectedof a certain type. Embodiments of the invention may also utilizeflexible battery connectors to couple two or more batteries in parallelto increase the time the system may be utilized before replacing thebatteries. Motion capture data is generally stored in memory such as alocal database or in a network accessible database, any of which enablesdata mining described above. Any other type of data mining may beperformed using embodiments of the invention, including searching fortemporal changes of data related to one or more users and or simplysearching for data related to a particular user or piece of equipment.

Other embodiments may display information such as music selections ormusic playlists to be played based on the motion related data. This forexample enables a performance to be compared to another user'sperformance and select the type of music the other user plays, or tocompare the performance relative to a threshold that determines whattype of music selection to suggest or display.

Embodiments of the invention directed at sports for example enable RFIDor passive RFID tags to be placed on items that a user moves whereinembodiments of the system keep track of the motion. For example, byplacing passive RFID tags on particular dumbbells at a gym, and bywearing motion capture elements such as gloves and with a pre-existingmobile device for example an IPHONE®, embodiments of the inventionprovide automatic fitness and/or healthcare compliance. This is achievedby keeping track of the motion, and via RIFD or passive RFID, the weightthat the user is lifting. Embodiments of the invention may thus add thenumber of repetitions multiplied by the amount of weight indicated byeach RFID tag to calculate the number of calories burned by the user. Inanother example, an RFID tag coupled with a stationary bike, or whereinthe stationary bike can mimic the identifier and/or communicatewirelessly to provide performance data and wherein the mobile computerincludes an RFID reader, the number of rotations of the user's legs maybe counted. Any other use of RFID or passive RFID is in keeping with thespirit of the invention. This enables doctors to remotely determinewhether a user has complied with their medical recommendations.Embodiments may thus be utilized by users to ensure compliance and bydoctors to lower their malpractice insurance rates since they areensuring that their patients are complying with their recommendations,albeit remotely. Embodiments of the invention do not require RFID tagsfor medical compliance, but may utilize them. Embodiments of theinvention directed at golf also enable golf shots for each clubassociated with a golfer to be counted through use of an identifier suchas RFID tags on each club (or optionally via an identifier associatedwith motion capture electronics on a golf club or obtained remotely overthe radio) and a mobile computer, for example an IPHONE® equipped withan RFID reader that concentrates the processing for golf shot countingon the mobile computer instead of on each golf club. Embodiments of theinvention may also allow for the measurement of orientation(North/South, and/or two horizontal axes and the vertical axis) andacceleration using an inertial measurement unit, or accelerometersand/or magnetometers, and/or gyroscopes. This is not required for golfshot counting, although one or more embodiments may determine when thegolf club has struck a golf ball through vibration analysis for exampleand then query a golfer whether to count a shot or not. Thisfunctionality may be combined with speed or acceleration threshold orrange detection for example to determine whether the golf club wastravelling within an acceptable speed or range, or acceleration or rangefor the “hit” to count. Wavelets may also be utilized to compare validswing signatures to eliminate count shots or eliminate false strikes forexample. This range may vary between different clubs, for example adriver speed range may be “greater than 30 mph” while a putter speedrange may be “less than 20 mph”, any range may be utilized with any clubas desired, or the speed range may be ignored for example. Alternativelyor in combination, the mobile computer may only query the golfer tocount a shot if the golfer is not moving laterally, i.e., in a golf cartor walking, and/or wherein the golfer may have rotated or taken a shotas determined by a orientation or gyroscope sensor coupled with themobile computer. The position of the stroke may be shown on a map on themobile computer for example. In addition, GPS receivers with wirelessradios may be placed within the tee markers and in the cups to givedaily updates of distances and helps with reading putts and greens forexample. The golfer may also wear virtual glasses that allow the golferto see the golf course map, current location, distance to the hole,number of shots on the current hole, total number of shots and any otherdesired metric. If the user moves a certain distance, as determined byGPS for example, from the shot without counting the shot, the system mayprompt the user on whether to count the shot or not. The system does notrequire a user to initiate a switch on a club to count a shot and doesnot require LED's or active or battery powered electronics on each clubto count shots. The mobile computer may also accept gestures from theuser to count a shot or not count a shot so that the golfer does nothave to remove any gloves to operate the mobile computer. Forembodiments that utilize position/orientation sensors, the system mayonly count shots when a club is oriented vertically for example when animpact is detected. The apparatus may also include identifiers thatenable a specific apparatus to be identified. The identifiers may be aserial number for example. The identifier for example may originate froman RFID tag on each golf club, or optionally may include a serial numberor other identifier associated with motion capture elements associatedwith a golf club. Utilizing this apparatus enables the identification ofa specific golfer, specific club and also enables motion capture and/ordisplay with a system that includes a television and/or mobile devicehaving a visual display and an optional camera and capable of obtainingdata from at least one motion capture element such as a visual markerand/or a wireless sensor. The system can also integrate with standalonecameras, or cameras on multiple mobile devices. The system also enablesthe user to analyze and display the motion capture data in a variety ofways that provide immediate and easy to understand graphical informationassociated with the motion capture data. The apparatus enables thesystem to also determine how “centered” an impact is with respect to aball and a piece of equipment, such as a golf club for example. Thesystem also allows for fitting of equipment including shoes, clubs,etc., and immediate purchasing of the equipment even if the equipmentrequires a custom assemble-to-order request from a vendor. Once themotion capture data, videos or images and shot count indications areobtained by the system, they may be stored locally, for example in alocal database or sent over a telephonic or wireless interface to aremote database for example. Once in a database, the various elementsincluding any data associated with the user, such as age, sex, height,weight, address, income or any other related information may be utilizedin embodiments of the invention and/or subjected to data mining. One ormore embodiments enable users or OEMs for example to pay for access tothe data mining capabilities of the system.

For example, embodiments that utilize motion capture elements allow foranalyzing the data obtained from the apparatus and enable thepresentation of unique displays associated with the user, such as 3Doverlays onto images of the body of the user to visually depict thecaptured motion data. In addition, these embodiments may also utilizeactive wireless technology such as BLUETOOTH® Low Energy for a range ofup to 50 meters to communicate with a golfer's mobile computer.Embodiments of the invention also allow for display of queries forcounting a stroke for example as a result of receiving a golf club ID,for example via an RFID reader or alternatively via wirelesscommunication using BLUETOOTH® or IEEE 802.11 for example. Use ofBLUETOOTH® Low Energy chips allows for a club to be in sleep mode for upto 3 years with a standard coin cell battery, thus reducing requiredmaintenance. One or more embodiments of the invention may utilize morethan one radio, of more than one technology for example. This allows fora level of redundancy that increases robustness of the system. Forexample, if one radio no longer functions, e.g., the BLUETOOTH® radiofor example, then the IEEE 802.11 radio may be utilized to transfer dataand warn the golfer that one of the radios is not functioning, whilestill allowing the golfer to record motion data and count shotsassociated with the particular club. For embodiments of the inventionthat utilize a mobile device (or more than one mobile device) withoutcamera(s), sensor data may be utilized to generate displays of thecaptured motion data, while the mobile device may optionally obtainimages from other cameras or other mobile devices with cameras. Forexample, display types that may or may not utilize images of the usermay include ratings, calculated data and time line data. Ratingsassociated with the captured motion can also be displayed to the user inthe form of numerical or graphical data with or without a user image,for example an “efficiency” rating. Calculated data, such as a predictedball flight path data can be calculated and displayed on the mobiledevice with or without utilizing images of the user's body. Datadepicted on a time line can also be displayed with or without images ofthe user to show the relative peaks of velocity for various parts of theequipment or user's body for example. Images from multiple camerasincluding multiple mobile devices, for example from a crowd of golffans, may be combined into a BULLET TIME® visual effect characterized byslow motion of the golf swing shown from around the golfer at variousangles at normal speed. All analyzed data may be displayed locally, oruploaded to the database along with the motion capture data,images/videos, shot count and location data where it may undergo datamining processes, wherein the system may charge a fee for access to theresults for example.

In one or more embodiments, a user may play a golf course or hit tennisballs, or alternatively simply swing to generate motion capture data forexample and when wearing virtual reality glasses, see an avatar ofanother user, whether virtual or real in an augmented realityenvironment. In other embodiments, the user moves a piece of equipmentassociated with any sport or simply move the user's own body coupledwith motion capture sensors and view a virtual reality environmentdisplayed in virtual reality glasses of the user's movement or movementof a piece of equipment so instrumented. Alternatively or incombination, a virtual reality room or other environment may be utilizedto project the virtual reality avatars and motion data. Hence,embodiments of the system may allow a user on a real golf course to playalong with another user at a different location that is not actuallyhitting balls along with a historical player whose motion data has beenanalyzed or a data mining constructed user based on one or more motioncapture data sequences, and utilized by an embodiment of the system toproject an avatar of the historical player. Each of the three playersmay play in turn, as if they were located in the same place.

Motion capture data can be displayed in many ways, for example tweeted,to a social network during or after motion capture. For example, if acertain amount of exercise or motion is performed, or caloriesperformed, or a new sports power factor maximum has been obtained, thesystem can automatically tweet the new information to a social networksite so that anyone connected to the Internet may be notified. The datauploaded to the Internet, i.e., a remote database or remote server ormemory remote to the system may be viewed, analyzed or data mined by anycomputer that may obtain access to the data. This allows for remotecompliance tweeting and/or compliance and/or original equipmentmanufacturers to determine for a given user what equipment forcompliance or sporting equipment for sports related embodiments isworking best and/or what equipment to suggest. Data mining also enablessuggestions for users to improve their compliance and/or the planning ofsports venues, including golf courses based on the data and/or metadataassociated with users, such as age, or any other demographics that maybe entered into the system. Remote storage of data also enables medicalapplications such as morphological analysis, range of motion over time,and diabetes prevention and exercise monitoring and complianceapplications as stated. Other applications also allow for games that usereal motion capture data from other users, or historical players whetheralive or dead after analyzing videos of the historical players forexample. Virtual reality and augmented virtual reality applications mayalso utilize the motion capture data or historical motion data. Militarypersonnel such as commanders and/or doctors may utilize the motionand/or images in determine what type of G-forces a person has undergonefrom an explosion near an Improvised Explosive Device and automaticallyroute the best type of medical aid automatically to the location of themotion capture sensor. One or more embodiments of the system may relaymotion capture data over a G-force or velocity threshold, to theircommanding officer or nearest medical personnel for example via awireless communication link.

In one or more embodiments of the invention, fixed cameras such as at atennis tournament, football game, baseball game, car or motorcycle race,golf tournament or other sporting event can be utilized with a wirelessinterface located near the player/equipment having motion captureelements so as to obtain, analyze and display motion capture data. Inthis embodiment, real-time or near real-time motion data can bedisplayed on the video for augmented video replays. An increase in theentertainment level is thus created by visually displaying how fastequipment is moving during a shot, for example with rings drawn around aplayers hips and shoulders. Embodiments of the invention also allowimages or videos from other players having mobile devices to be utilizedon a mobile device related to another user so that users don't have toswitch mobile phones for example. In one embodiment, a video obtained bya first user for a piece of sporting equipment in motion that is notassociated with the second user having the video camera equipped mobilephone may automatically transfer the video to the first user for displaywith motion capture data associated with the first user. Video andimages may be uploaded into the database and data mined through imageanalysis to determine the types/colors of clothing or shoes for examplethat users are wearing.

Based on the display of data, the user can determine the equipment thatfits the best and immediately purchase the equipment, via the mobiledevice. For example, when deciding between two sets of skis, a user maytry out both pairs that are instrumented with motion capture elementswherein the motion capture data is analyzed to determine which pair ofskis enables more efficient movement. For golf embodiments, whendeciding between two golf clubs, a user can take swings with differentclubs and based on the analysis of the captured motion data andquantitatively determine which club performs better. Custom equipmentmay be ordered through an interface on the mobile device from a vendorthat can assemble-to-order customer built equipment and ship theequipment to the user for example. Shaft lengths for putters for examplethat are a standard length can be custom made for a particular userbased on captured motion data as a user putts with an adjustable lengthshaft for example. Based on data mining of the motion capture data andshot count data and distances for example allows for users havingsimilar swing characteristics to be compared against a current userwherein equipment that delivers longer shots for a given swing velocityfor a user of a particular size and age for example may be suggested orsearched for by the user to improve performance. OEMs may determine thatfor given swing speeds, which make and model of club delivers the bestoverall performance as well. One skilled in the art will recognize thatthis applies to all activities involving motion, not just golf.

Embodiments of the system may utilize a variety of sensor types. In oneor more embodiments of the invention, active sensors may integrate witha system that permits passive or active visual markers to be utilized tocapture motion of particular points on a user's body or equipment. Thismay be performed in a simply two-dimensional manner or in athree-dimensional manner if the mobile device is configured with two ormore cameras, or if multiple cameras or mobile devices are utilized tocapture images such as video and share the images in order to createtriangulated three-dimensional motion data from a set of two-dimensionalimages obtained from each camera. Another embodiment of the inventionmay utilize inertial measurement units (IMU) or any other sensors thatcan produce any combination of orientation, position, velocity and/oracceleration information to the mobile device. The sensors may thusobtain data that may include any combination of one or more valuesassociated with orientation (vertical or North/South or both), position(either via through Global Positioning System, i.e., “GPS” or throughtriangulation), velocity (in all three axes), acceleration (in all threeaxes). All motion capture data obtained from the various sensor typesmay be saved in a database for analysis, monitoring, compliance, gameplaying or other use and/or data mining, regardless of the sensor type.

In one or more embodiments of the invention, a sensor may be utilizedthat includes a passive marker or active marker on an outside surface ofthe sensor, so that the sensor may also be utilized for visual tracking(either two-dimensional or three-dimensional) and for orientation,position, velocity, acceleration or any other physical quantity producedby the sensor. Visual marker embodiments of the motion captureelement(s) may be passive or active, meaning that they may either have avisual portion that is visually trackable or may include a lightemitting element such as a light emitting diode (LED) that allows forimage tracking in low light conditions. This for example may beimplemented with a graphical symbol or colored marker at the end of theshaft near the handle or at the opposing end of the golf club at thehead of the club. Images or videos of the markers may be analyzedlocally or saved in the database and analyzed and then utilized in datamining.

Embodiments of the motion capture sensors may be generally mounted on ornear one or more end or opposing ends of sporting equipment, for examplesuch as a golf club and/or anywhere in between (for EI measurements) andmay integrate with other sensors coupled to equipment, such as weapons,medical equipment, wristbands, shoes, pants, shirts, gloves, clubs,bats, racquets, balls, etc., and/or may be attached to a user in anypossible manner. For example, a rifle to determine where the rifle waspointing when a recoil was detected by the motion capture sensor. Thisdata may be transmitted to a central server, for example using a mobilecomputer such as a mobile phone or other device and analyzed for wargames practice for example. In addition, one or more embodiments of thesensor can fit into a weight port of a golf club, and/or in the handleend of the golf club. Other embodiments may fit into the handle of, orend of, a tennis racquet or baseball bat for example. One or moreembodiments of the invention may also operate with balls that haveintegrated sensors as well. One or more embodiments of the mobile devicemay include a small mountable computer such as an IPOD® SHUFFLE® orIPOD® NANO® that may or may not have integrated displays, and which aresmall enough to mount on a shaft of a piece of sporting equipment andnot affect a user's swing. Alternatively, the system may calculate thevirtual flight path of a ball that has come in contact with equipmentmoved by a player. For example with a baseball bat or tennis racquet orgolf club having a sensor integrated into a weight port of other portionof the end of the club striking the golf ball and having a second sensorlocated in the tip of the handle of the golf club, or in one or moregloves worn by the player, an angle of impact can be calculated for theclub. By knowing the loft of the face of the club, an angle of flightmay be calculated for the golf ball. In addition, by sampling the sensorat the end of the club at a high enough speed to determine oscillationsindicative of where on the face of the club the golf ball was struck, aquality of impact may be determined. These types of measurements and theanalysis thereof help an athlete improve, and for fitting purposes,allow an athlete to immediately purchase equipment that fits correctly.Centering data may be uploaded to the database and data mined forpatterns related to the bats, racquets or clubs with the best centeringon average, or the lowest torsion values for example on a manufacturerbasis for product improvement. Any other unknown patterns in the datathat are discovered may also be presented or suggested to users orsearch on by users, or paid for, for example by manufacturers or users.

One or more embodiments of the motion capture sensor may be removed fromone piece of sporting equipment and placed on another type of equipmentor article of clothing so that the user does not have to purchase motioncapture sensors for all equipment and clothes associated with the user.This is possible since embodiments of the sensor may couple with anyenclosure sized to fit the sensor. In one or more embodiments, a cap isremoved, then the sensor is removed and inserted into another piece ofequipment or article of clothing for example.

One or more embodiments of the sensor may contain charging features suchas mechanical eccentric weight, as utilized in some watches known as“automatic” or “self-winding” watches, optionally including a smallgenerator, or inductive charging coils for indirect electromechanicalcharging of the sensor power supply. Other embodiments may utilize plugsfor direct charging of the sensor power supply or electromechanical ormicroelectromechanical (MEMS) based charging elements. Any other type ofpower micro-harvesting technologies may be utilized in one or moreembodiments of the invention. One or more embodiments of the sensor mayutilize power saving features including gestures that power the sensoron or off. Such gestures may include motion, physical switches, contactwith the sensor, wireless commands to the sensor, for example from amobile device that is associated with the particular sensors. Otherelements that may couple with the sensor includes a battery, low powermicrocontroller, antenna and radio, heat sync, recharger and overchargesensor for example. In addition, embodiments of the invention allow forpower down of some or all of the components of the system until anelectronic signal from accelerometers or a mechanical switch determinesthat the club has moved for example.

One or more embodiments of the invention enable Elasticity Inertia or EImeasurement of sporting equipment and even body parts for example.Placement of embodiments of the sensor along the shaft of a golf club,tennis racquet, baseball bat, hockey stick, shoe, human arm or any otheritem that is not perfectly stiff enables measurement of the amount offlex at points where sensors are located or between sensors. The angulardifferences in the each sensor over time allow for not only calculationof a flex profile, but also a flex profile that is dependent on time orforce. For example, known EI machines use static weights between tosupport points to determine an EI profile. These machines thereforecannot detect whether the EI profile is dependent upon the force appliedor is dependent on the time at which the force is applied, for exampleEI profiles may be non-linear with respect to force or time. Examplematerials that are known to have different physical properties withrespect to time include Maxwell materials and non-Newtonian fluids.

A user may also view the captured motion data in a graphical form on thedisplay of the mobile device or for example on a set of glasses thatcontains a video display. The captured motion data obtained fromembodiments of the motion capture element may also be utilized toaugment a virtual reality display of user in a virtual environment.Virtual reality or augmented reality views of patterns that are found inthe database via data mining are also in keeping with the spirit of theinvention. User's may also see augmented information such as an aimassist or aim guide that shows for example where a shot should beattempted to be placed for example based on existing wind conditions, orto account for hazards, e.g., trees that are in the way of a desireddestination for a ball, i.e., the golf hole for example.

BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

The above and other aspects, features and advantages of the ideasconveyed through this disclosure will be more apparent from thefollowing more particular description thereof, presented in conjunctionwith the following drawings wherein:

FIG. 1 illustrates an embodiment of the system that enables a system andmethod for utilizing motion capture data.

FIG. 1A illustrates a logical hardware block diagram of an embodiment ofthe computer.

FIG. 1B illustrates an architectural view of an embodiment of thedatabase utilized in embodiments of the system.

FIG. 1C illustrates a flow chart for an embodiment of the processingperformed by embodiments of the computers in the system as shown inFIGS. 1 and 1A.

FIG. 1D illustrates a data flow diagram for an embodiment of the system.

FIG. 1E illustrates a data flow diagram for an embodiment of the systemthat enables a system and method for broadcasting and/or otherwiseaccessing previously stored motion capture data or motion analysis data.

FIG. 1F illustrates a flow chart for an embodiment of the system.

FIG. 2 illustrates an embodiment of the overall modes of the softwareprogrammed to execute on the computer of the mobile device, wherein thecomputer is configured to recognize the motion capture elements, obtaindata, analyze the data and display motion analysis data.

FIG. 3 illustrates displays associated with FIG. 2 in greater detail.

FIG. 4 illustrates and embodiment of the recognition module that isconfigured to assign particular sensors to particular locations on anathlete and/or on a piece of equipment.

FIG. 5 illustrates an embodiment of the obtain data module that isconfigured to obtain data from a camera (optionally on the mobile deviceor obtain through another camera or camera on another mobile device),data from motion capture elements, i.e., any combination of visualmarkers or sensors as assigned to particular portions of the user's bodyor piece of equipment. In addition, the figure shows displays dataanalyzed by the analysis module and generated by the display module toshow either the user along with motion analysis data, or with motionanalysis data alone.

FIG. 6 illustrates a detailed drill down into the motion analysis datato display including overall efficiency, head, torso, hip, hand, club,left and right foot segment efficiencies. Embodiments of the inventionthus enable physical training specific to the area that a user needs asdetermined by the analysis module.

FIG. 7 illustrates a close up display of motion analysis data associatedwith a user, without use of an image associated with a user.

FIG. 8 illustrates an embodiment of the motion capture element thatoptionally includes a visual marker and/or sensor.

FIG. 9 illustrates a front view of FIG. 8.

FIG. 10 illustrates an embodiment of the motion capture elementimplemented with a passive marker and gray scale images thereof to showhow the marker can be tracked by obtaining an image and searching for aluminance change from black to white.

FIG. 11 illustrates a hardware implementation of the sensor portion of amotion capture element implemented as a wireless inertial measurementunit, and an embodiment as configured to couple with a weight port of agolf club for example.

FIG. 12 illustrates an embodiment of the motion capture element asconfigured to couple with different golf club types and a shoe.

FIG. 13 illustrates a close-up of the shoe of FIG. 12 along with apressure map of a shoe configured with a pressure matt inside the shoeconfigured to output pressure per particular areas of the shoe.

FIG. 14 illustrates an embodiment of sunglasses configured with anembodiment of the motion capture element.

FIG. 15 illustrates an embodiment of a display that depicts the locationof a golf ball strike as determined by the oscillations in the golf clubface during and/or after the golf club impacts a golf ball.

FIG. 16 illustrates a camera alignment tool as utilized with embodimentsof the system to create normalized images for capture data mining.

FIG. 17 illustrates a balance box and center alignment line to aid incentering a user to obtain image data.

FIG. 18 illustrates a balance box and center alignment line, along withprimary and secondary shaft lines to aid in centering and analyzingimages of the user.

FIG. 19 illustrates an embodiment of the display configured to aid inclub fitting for a user, wherein a user may test multiple clubs andwherein the display shows motion analysis data. For embodiments of theinvention may be utilized to obtain sensor data that is utilized forpurchase and order fulfillment options, buttons such as “purchase” and“customer order” may be utilized.

FIG. 20 illustrates an embodiment of the display configured to displaymotion analysis data along with the user, some of which is overlaid ontothe user to aid in understanding the motion analysis data in a morehuman understandable format. In addition, motion analysis dataassociated with the user can be shown numerically as shown for exampleas “efficiency” of the swing, and the velocity of the swing.

FIG. 21 illustrates an embodiment of the system configured to display auser from multiple angles when multiple cameras are available. One ormore embodiments of the system may show one image of the user at a timein slow motion as the user moves, while changing the angle of the viewof the user in normal time, which is known as BULLET TIME®.

FIG. 22 illustrates another embodiment of the multi-angle display as isalso shown in FIG. 21 wherein this figure also includesthree-dimensional overlay graphics to aid in understanding the motionanalysis data in a more human understandable manner.

FIG. 23 shows an embodiment of the system configured to display motionanalysis data on a mobile computer, personal computer, IPAD® or anyother computer with a display device large enough to display the desireddata.

FIG. 24 illustrates a timeline display of motion analysis data thatshows multiple sensor angular velocities in reference to the world orfor example to a portion of the piece of equipment or object to hit or avirtual spine or a boney landmark, as obtained from sensors on a userand/or on a piece of equipment.

FIG. 25 illustrates a timeline display of motion analysis data thatshows multiple sensor angular speeds obtained from multiple sensors on asecond user and on a piece of equipment. Efficient movement pattern ofbody segments know as a kinetic chain and of kinematic segmentalsequencing.

FIG. 26 illustrates a timeline display of a user along with peak andminimum angular speeds along the timeline shown as events along the timeline instead of as Y-axis data as shown in FIGS. 24 and 25. In addition,a graph showing the lead and lag of the golf club along with the droopand drift of the golf club is shown in the bottom display wherein thesevalues determine how much the golf club shaft is bending in two axes asplotted against time.

FIG. 27 illustrates a display of the calculated flight path of a ballbased on the motion analysis data wherein the display is associated withany type of computer, personal computer, IPAD® or any other type ofdisplay capable of displaying images.

FIG. 28 illustrates a display of the calculated flight path of a ballbased on motion analysis data wherein the display is coupled with amobile device.

FIG. 29 illustrates a display of a broadcast television event wherein atleast one motion capture element in the form of a motion sensor iscoupled with the golf club and optionally the user. The display can beshown in normal time after the athlete strikes the ball, or in slowmotion with motion analysis data including the three-dimensional overlayof the position of the sensor on the end of the club shown as a traceline and including the angle of the plane in which the swing takes placeversus the horizontal plane. In addition, other motion analysis data maybe shown such as the swing speed, distance (calculated or actual) andefficiency.

FIG. 30 illustrates a display of the swing path with a strobe effectwherein the golf club in this example includes sensors on the club headand near the handle, or optionally near the hands or in the gloves ofthe user. Optionally, imaged based processing from a high speed cameramay be utilized to produce the display. The swing path for good shotscan be compared to swing paths for inaccurate shots to display thedifferences in a human understandable manner.

FIG. 31 illustrates a display of shaft efficiency as measured throughthe golf swing. For example, by obtaining motion capture data near theclub head and club handle, graphical strobe effects and motion analysisdata can show the club head speed, club handle speed and club shaftefficiency in normal time or slow motion.

FIG. 32 illustrates a display of putter head acceleration based on atleast one sensor near the putter head, for example as coupled into theweight port of a putter. The various quantities from the motion analysisdata can be displayed to aid in understanding acceleration patterns forgood putts and bad putts to help viewers understand acceleration in amore human understandable manner.

FIG. 33 illustrates a display of dynamic lie angle, wherein the lieangle of the player at address before swinging at the ball can becompared to the lie angle at impact to help the viewer understand howlie angle effects loft and ball flight.

FIG. 34 illustrates a display of shaft release; wherein the angularrelease velocity of the golf shaft is a large component of theefficiency of a swing. As shown, a display of a golfer that has sensorsnear his waist and hips and sensors on the golf club head and handle, oras determined through image processing with or without visual markers,is shown with the motion analysis data.

FIG. 35 illustrates a display of rotational velocity wherein the faceangle, club face closure in degrees per second, the loft angle and lieangle are shown as obtained from a motion capture element on the clubhead for example.

FIG. 36 illustrates a display of historical players with motion analysisdata computed through image processing to show the performance of greatplayers.

FIG. 36A illustrates a method implemented by the system to enable avirtual game to be played between a player instrumented with a motioncapture sensor, along with an optional second user or previousperformance of the first user along with an optional historical figure.

FIG. 37 illustrates an embodiment of the equation used to calculate theaccelerations in the x, y and z axes.

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION

A broadcasting system for broadcasting images with augmented motion dataand a virtual reality system for viewing current and previously storedor calculated motion data will now be described. In the followingexemplary description numerous specific details are set forth in orderto provide a more thorough understanding of the ideas describedthroughout this specification. It will be apparent, however, to anartisan of ordinary skill that embodiments of ideas described herein maybe practiced without incorporating all aspects of the specific detailsdescribed herein. In other instances, specific aspects well known tothose of ordinary skill in the art have not been described in detail soas not to obscure the disclosure. Readers should note that althoughexamples of the innovative concepts are set forth throughout thisdisclosure, the claims, and the full scope of any equivalents, are whatdefine the invention.

FIG. 1 illustrates an embodiment of the system that enables a system andmethod for utilizing motion capture data 100. As shown, embodiments ofthe system generally include a mobile device 101 and applications thatexecute thereon, that includes computer 160, shown as located internallyin mobile device 101 as a dotted outline, (i.e., also see functionalview of computer 160 in FIG. 1A), display 120 coupled to computer 160and a wireless communications interface (generally internal to themobile device, see element 164 in FIG. 1A) coupled with the computer.Since mobile phones having mobile computers are ubiquitous, users of thesystem may purchase one or more motion capture elements and anapplication, a.k.a., “app”, that they install on their pre-existingphone to implement an embodiment of the system. Motion capturecapabilities are thus available at an affordable price for any user thatalready owns a mobile phone, tablet computer, music player, etc., whichhas never been possible before. Each mobile device 101, 102, 102 a, 102b may optionally include an internal identifier reader 190, for examplean RFID reader, or may couple with an identifier reader or RFID reader(see mobile device 102) to obtain identifier 191. Alternatively,embodiments of the invention may utilize any wireless technology in anyof the devices to communicate an identifier that identifies equipment110 to the system. The system generally includes at least one motioncapture element 111 that couples with user 150 or with piece ofequipment 110, via mount 192, for example to a golf club, or baseballbat, tennis racquet, hockey stick, weapon, stick, sword, or any otherpiece of equipment for any sport, or other sporting equipment such as ashoe, belt, gloves, glasses, hat, or any other item. The at least onemotion capture element 111 may be placed at one end, both ends, oranywhere between both ends of piece of equipment 110 or anywhere on user150 and may be utilized for EI measurements of any item. The motioncapture element may optionally include a visual marker, either passiveor active, and/or may include a wireless sensor, for example any sensorcapable of providing any combination of one or more values associatedwith an orientation (North/South and/or up/down), position, velocityand/or acceleration of the motion capture element. The computer may beconfigured to obtain data associated with an identifier unique to eachpiece of equipment 110, e.g., clothing, bat, etc., for example from anRFID coupled with club 110, i.e., identifier 191, and optionallyassociated with the at least one motion capture element, either visuallyor wirelessly, analyze the data to form motion analysis data and displaythe motion analysis data on display 120 of mobile device 101. Motioncapture element 111 may be mounted on or near the equipment or on ornear the user via motion capture mount 192. The motion capture data frommotion capture element 111, any data associated with the piece ofequipment 110, such as identifier 191 and any data associated with user150, or any number of such users 150, such as second user 152 may bestored in locally in memory, or in a database local to the computer orin a remote database, for example database 172. Data may be stored indatabase 172 from each user 150, 152 for example when a network ortelephonic network link is available from motion capture element 111 tomobile device 101 and from mobile device 101 to network 170 or Internet171 and to database 172. Data mining is then performed on a large dataset associated with any number of users and their specificcharacteristics and performance parameters. For example, in a golfembodiment of the invention, a club ID is obtained from the golf cluband a shot is detected by the motion capture element. Mobile computer101 stores images/video of the user and receives the motion capture datafor the events/hits/shots/motion and the location of the event on thecourse and subsequent shots and determines any parameters for eachevent, such as distance or speed at the time of the event and thenperforms any local analysis and display performance data on the mobiledevice. When a network connection from the mobile device to network 170or Internet 171 is available or for example after a round of golf, theimages/video, motion capture data and performance data is uploaded todatabase 172, for later analysis and/or display and/or data mining. Inone or more embodiments, users 151, such as original equipmentmanufacturers pay for access to the database, for example via a computersuch as computer 105 or mobile computer 101 or from any other computercapable of communicating with database 172 for example via network 170,Internet 171 or via website 173 or a server that forms part of or iscoupled with database 172. Data mining may execute on database 172, forexample that may include a local server computer, or may be run oncomputer 105 or mobile device 101, 102, 102 a or 102 b and access astandalone embodiment of database 172 for example. Data mining resultsmay be displayed on mobile device 101, computer 105, televisionbroadcast or web video originating from camera 130, 130 a and 103 b, or104 or accessed via website 173 or any combination thereof.

One or more embodiments of the system may utilize a mobile device thatincludes at least one camera 130, for example coupled to the computerwithin the mobile device. This allows for the computer within mobiledevice 101 to command the camera 130 to obtain an image or images, forexample of the user during an athletic movement. The image(s) of theuser may be overlaid with displays and ratings to make the motionanalysis data more understandable to a human for example. Alternatively,detailed data displays without images of the user may also be displayedon display 120 or for example on the display of computer 105. In thismanner two-dimensional images and subsequent display thereof is enabled.If mobile device 101 contains two cameras, as shown in mobile device102, i.e., cameras 130 a and 130 b, then the cameras may be utilized tocreate a three-dimensional data set through image analysis of the visualmarkers for example. This allows for distances and positions of visualmarkers to be ascertained and analyzed. Images and/or video from anycamera in any embodiments of the invention may be stored on database172, for example associated with user 150, for data mining purposes. Inone or more embodiments of the invention image analysis on the imagesand/or video may be performed to determine make/models of equipment,clothes, shoes, etc., that is utilized, for example per age of user 150or time of day of play, or to discover any other pattern in the data.

Alternatively, for embodiments of mobile devices that have only onecamera, multiple mobile devices may be utilized to obtaintwo-dimensional data in the form of images that is triangulated todetermine the positions of visual markers. In one or more embodiments ofthe system, mobile device 101 and mobile device 102 a share image dataof user 150 to create three-dimensional motion analysis data. Bydetermining the positions of mobile devices 101 and 102 (via positiondetermination elements such as GPS chips in the devices as is common, orvia cell tower triangulation and which are not shown for brevity but aregenerally located internally in mobile devices just as computer 160 is),and by obtaining data from motion capture element 111 for examplelocations of pixels in the images where the visual markers are in eachimage, distances and hence speeds are readily obtained as one skilled inthe art will recognize.

Camera 103 may also be utilized either for still images or as is nowcommon, for video. In embodiments of the system that utilize externalcameras, any method of obtaining data from the external camera is inkeeping with the spirit of the system including wireless communicationof the data, or via wired communication as when camera 103 is dockedwith computer 105 for example, which then may transfer the data tomobile device 101.

In one or more embodiments of the system, the mobile device on which themotion analysis data is displayed is not required to have a camera,i.e., mobile device 102 b may display data even though it is notconfigured with a camera. As such, mobile device 102 b may obtain imagesfrom any combination of cameras on mobile device 101, 102, 102 a, camera103 and/or television camera 104 so long as any external camera maycommunicate images to mobile device 102 b. Alternatively, no camera isrequired at all to utilize the system.

FIGS. 1 and 1F also illustrate a broadcasting system and method forbroadcasting images with augmented motion data including at least onecamera 103, 104, configured to receive images associated with orotherwise containing at least one motion capture element 111, a computer140, and a wireless communication interface 106 configured to receivemotion capture data from the at least one motion capture element. In oneor more embodiments, the computer 140 is coupled with the wirelesscommunication interface 106 and the at least one camera, and thecomputer 140 is configured to receive the motion capture data after acommunications link to the at least one motion capture element 111 isavailable and capable of receiving information for example as shown inFIG. 1F at 1191. Embodiments also may receive the motion capture dataafter an event or periodically request the motion capture data at 1192as per FIG. 1F from the at least one motion capture element 111 as perFIG. 1. This enables the system to withstand communication link outages,and even enables the synchronization of video with motion capture datain time at a later point in time, for example once the motion captureelement is in range of the wireless receiver. Embodiments may receivemotion capture data from at least one motion capture element 111, forexample from one user 150 or multiple users 150, 151, 152 or both. Oneor more embodiments also may recognize the at least one motion captureelement 111 associated with a user 150 or piece of equipment 110 andassociate the at least one motion capture element 111 with assignedlocations on the user 150 or the piece of equipment 110, at 1193 of FIG.1F. For example, when a user performs a motion event, such as swinging,hitting, striking, or any other type of motion-related activity, thesystem is able to associate the motion event with locations on the user,or equipment such as a golf club, racket, bat, glove, or any otherobject, to recognize, or identify, the at least one motion captureelement. Embodiments may also receive data associated with the at leastone motion capture element 111 via the wireless communication interfaceat 1194 as per FIG. 1F, and also may receive one or more images of theuser associated with the motion capture element at 1195 of FIG. 1F fromthe at least one camera 103, 104. Such data and images allow the systemto, for example, obtain an array of information associated with users,equipment, and events and/or to output various performance elementstherefrom. One or more embodiments may also analyze the data to formmotion analysis data at 1196 of FIG. 1F. Motion analysis data, forexample, allows the system to obtain and/or output computer performanceinformation to for example broadcast to the users, to viewers, coaches,referees, networks, and any other element capable of receiving suchinformation. Motion analysis data for example may show motion relatedquantitative data in a graphical or other easy to understand viewingformat to make the data more understandable to the user than for examplepure numerical lists of acceleration data. For example, as shown in FIG.1F, embodiments of the invention may also at 1197, draw athree-dimensional overlay onto at least one of the one or more images ofthe user, a rating onto at least one of the one or more images of theuser, at least one power factor value onto at least one of the one ormore images of the user, a calculated ball flight path onto at least oneof the one or more images of the user, a time line showing points intime along a time axis where peak values occur onto at least one of theone or more images of the user, an impact location of a ball on thepiece of equipment onto at least one of the one or more images of theuser, a slow motion display of the user shown from around the user atvarious angles at normal speed onto at least one of the one or moreimages of the user, or any combination thereof associated with themotion analysis data. One or more embodiments may also broadcast theimages at 1198, to a multiplicity of display devices includingtelevision 143, mobile devices 101, 102, 102 a, 102 b, computer 105,and/or to the Internet 171. For example, the multiplicity of displaydevices may include televisions, mobile devices, or a combination ofboth televisions and mobile devices, or any other devices configured todisplay images.

FIG. 1E illustrates a data flow diagram for an embodiment of the systemthat enables a system and method for broadcasting and/or otherwiseaccessing previously stored motion capture data or motion analysis data.As shown, the computer 140 is coupled camera 104 to obtain image dataand with wireless interface 106 and with TV broadcast component 141 andmay also be configured to access previously stored motion capture dataor motion analysis data associated with the user 150 or piece ofequipment 110, or previously stored motion capture data or motionanalysis data associated with at least one other user 152 or other pieceof equipment. The data flow in this example is from the camera(s) andwireless interface through the computer and out to the Internet forviewing on any type of computer 105 and/or out to the TV broadcastequipment 141 for over the air, satellite or other television broadcastmechanism. This allows the system to, for example, analyze differentmovements or events associated with one player, a second player,historical players, a first piece of equipment such as a first golfclub, or a second piece of equipment such as a second golf club, inorder to obtain motion depiction for statistical use, for display use,for use in a game, or any other related application and broadcast themotion analysis data to a multiplicity of televisions or computersviewable by users 151. Embodiments may also broadcast informationcomprising at least one avatar associated with the at least one user ona virtual reality display based on the motion analysis data associatedwith the user or piece of equipment and the previously stored motioncapture data or motion analysis data associated with the user or pieceof equipment or the previously stored motion capture data or motionanalysis data associated with at least one other user or other piece ofequipment. For example, a player may play against an opponent, who maybe a historical figure displayed as an avatar for example on atelevision 141, 143 or Internet broadcast to show the difference inperformance between the player and a previous shot played by the sameplayer or any other player. In addition, the images may be displayed onthe virtual reality display, without the opponent, or historical figure,physically present with the player. In addition or alternatively, thecomputer may also be configured to broadcast the one or more imagesbased on a comparison of the motion analysis data associated with theuser or the piece of equipment and previously stored motion capture dataor motion analysis data associated with the user or the piece ofequipment or previously stored motion capture data or the motionanalysis data associated with at least one other user. For example, thisallows the player to be shown in contrast to a novice, an average, or aprofessional level player using motion analysis data from various groupsof players.

In one or more embodiments, as also shown in FIG. 1E, the system mayalso comprise an identifier 191 coupled with the user 150, 152 or thepiece of equipment 110. The computer 140 or wireless interface may alsofurther include an identifier reader to obtain the identifier, and thecomputer may be further configured to receive the identifier in anymanner and associate the identifier with the motion analysis data. Thisallows the computer to accurately identify, and/or locate, the userassociated with the motion analysis data. This is especially useful whenmultiple users or several people are located in the same area, or whenmultiple events are taking place in the same area.

In one or more embodiments, the computer is further configured tobroadcast the images to enable a multiplicity of viewers to purchase thepiece of equipment based on the images, and may also be configured tobroadcast an advertisement with information related to purchasing thepiece of equipment based the images. For example, the player, or pieceof equipment of interest, may have a new maximum power factor for agiven swing, or compared to the average power factor of average users,or professionals, suggesting that the piece of equipment used by theplayer may improve performance, in the interest of the potential buyer.Furthermore, for example, an advertisement may be displayed at thebottom of a display screen, or anywhere else on a display screen,showing the new maximum power factor along with a URL or otherinformation related to the equipment, allowing the viewer to purchasethe equipment. Other information related to the equipment may comprisephone numbers, addresses, names, vendors, events or any other datahelpful to the viewer in purchasing the equipment. In addition to, oralternatively, the computer may be further configured to broadcast theimages to enable a multiplicity of viewers to order a custom fittedpiece of equipment over a network, for example by specifying theirheight or other dimensions for example alone or in combination withpreviously stored motion capture data or physical parameters as measuredor derived therefrom.

At least one of the previously disclosed embodiments may also beconfigured to intermittently receive the motion capture data andsynchronize the images in time with the motion capture data, for examplefrom motion capture sensor(s) 111. This enables video capture and motioncapture data to be combined at a later timer, as opposed to real-timecombination of video and data. This enables intelligent low power usageon the motion capture element since the transmitter is not required tobe transmitting continuously. In one or more embodiments, the computermay be configured to intermittently receive the motion capture data andsynchronize the images in time with the motion capture data based onlocation information associated with the images, and locationinformation, an identifier and time associated with the motion captureelement. The computer of one or more embodiments may also be configuredto intermittently receive the motion capture data and synchronize theimages in time with the motion capture data based on time and anidentifier associated with the images, and time and an identifierassociated with the motion capture data element. Also, in one or moreembodiments, the computer may be configured to intermittently receivethe motion capture data and synchronize the images in time with themotion capture data based on time, location information and a motionevent associated with the images, and time, location information and amotion event associated with the motion capture data element.Configuring the computer as such allows the system to identify andlocate the user associated with the images and motion capture datareceived, by either using time and an identifier of the images andmotion capture element, or time, location and an event associated withthe images or motion capture data element. Using an identifier, forexample, allows the system to accurately identify a specific motioncapture element associated with the user or piece of equipment,especially when the motion capture data is obtained from a previouslystored or recorded event, rather than in real time. Also, using an eventassociated with the images and motion capture data element, in additionto the location and time, for example, allows the system to accuratelyidentify a specific motion associated with the user or piece ofequipment. A specific motion may include, a swing, a strike, a hit, orany other motion-related data, associated with the user or piece ofequipment. For example, if multiple players are located on a golfcourse, or if a player is advancing from one hole to the next on a golfcourse, using the location, time and event (or identifier in someinstances) associated with the player or pieces of equipment, the systemis able to identify which player performed which event at which locationand at what time. Furthermore, the system is able to correlate the datareceived to the correct player, based on the location, time, and event(or in some instances, identifier) information available. This enablesthe system to broadcast images with augmented motion data at a latertime and still be able to accurately associate the data and informationobtained to a specific user or piece of equipment and to the imagesthereof.

For television broadcasts, motion capture element 111 wirelesslytransmits data that is received by antenna 106. The wireless sensor datathus obtained from motion capture element 111 is combined with theimages obtained from television camera 104 to produce displays withaugmented motion analysis data that can be broadcast to televisions,computers such as computer 105, mobile devices 101, 102, 102 a, 102 b orany other device configured to display images, for example as broadcastusing television broadcast equipment 141. The motion analysis data canbe positioned on display 120, or television 143 or computer screen oncomputer 105 for example by knowing the location of a camera (forexample via GPS information), and by knowing the direction and/ororientation that the camera is pointing so long as the sensor dataincludes location data (for example GPS information). In otherembodiments, visual markers or image processing may be utilized to lockthe motion analysis data to the image, e.g., the golf club head can betracked in the images and the corresponding high, middle and lowposition of the club can be utilized to determine the orientation ofuser 150 to camera 130 or 104 or 103 for example to correctly plot theaugmented data onto the image of user 150. By time stamping images andtime stamping motion capture data, for example after synchronizing thetimer in the microcontroller with the timer on the mobile device andthen scanning the images for visual markers or sporting equipment atvarious positions, simplified motion capture data may be overlaid ontothe images. Any other method of combining images from a camera andmotion capture data may be utilized in one or more embodiments of theinvention. Any other algorithm for properly positioning the motionanalysis data on display 120 with respect to a user (or any otherdisplay such as on computer 105) may be utilized in keeping with thespirit of the system. In one or more embodiments, the velocity of zeropoint in a swing, for example at the maximum of a backswing may beutilized to pinpoint a club head in an image, wherein the maximumrearmost position in the image may be matched with the horizontalorientation obtained from the motion capture data while the strike pointin the image may be matched with the impact point where impactoscillations begin to occur in the motion capture data. A line may bethen drawn, for example tracing the path of the contrast or color of theclub head as directed or accepted as inputs into computer 140. Thepoints that are connected may be further modified on computer 140 andthe drawing may thus be completed and broadcast out to the Internet andover the television broadcast equipment for example.

One such display that may be generated and displayed on mobile device101 include a BULLET TIME® view using two or more cameras selected frommobile devices 101, 102, 102 a, camera 103, and/or television camera 104or any other external camera. In this embodiment of the system, thecomputer is configured to obtain two or more images of user 150 and dataassociated with the at least one motion capture element (whether avisual marker or wireless sensor), wherein the two or more images areobtained from two or more cameras and wherein the computer is configuredto generate a display that shows slow motion of user 150 shown fromaround the user at various angles at normal speed. Such an embodimentfor example allows a group of fans to create their own BULLET TIME® shotof a golf pro at a tournament for example. The shots may be sent tocomputer 105 and any image processing required may be performed oncomputer 105 and broadcast to a television audience for example. Inother embodiments of the system, the users of the various mobile devicesshare their own set of images, and or upload their shots to a websitefor later viewing for example. Embodiments of the invention also allowimages or videos from other players having mobile devices to be utilizedon a mobile device related to another user so that users don't have toswitch mobile phones for example. In one embodiment, a video obtained bya first user for a piece of equipment in motion that is not associatedwith the second user having the video camera mobile phone mayautomatically transfer the video to the first user for display withmotion capture data associated with the first user.

FIG. 1A shows an embodiment of computer 160. In computer 160 includesprocessor 161 that executes software modules, commonly also known asapplications, generally stored as computer program instructions withinmain memory 162. Display interface 163 drives display 120 of mobiledevice 101 as shown in FIG. 1. Optional orientation/position module 167may include a North/South or up/down orientation chip or both.Communication interface 164 may include wireless or wired communicationshardware protocol chips and/or an RFID reader or an RFID reader maycouple to computer 160 externally or in any other manner for example. Inone or more embodiments of the system communication interface mayinclude telephonic and/or data communications hardware. In one or moreembodiments communication interface 164 may include a Wi-Fi™ or otherIEEE 802.11 device and/or BLUETOOTH® wireless communications interfaceor ZigBee® wireless device or any other wireless technology. BLUETOOTH®class 1 devices have a range of approximately 100 meters, class 2devices have a range of approximately 10 meters. BLUETOOTH® Low Powerdevices have a range of approximately 50 meters. Any wireless networkprotocol or type may be utilized in embodiments of the system so long asmobile device 101 and motion capture element 111 can communicate withone another. Processor 161, main memory 162, display interface 163,communication interface 164 and orientation/position module 167 maycommunicate with one another over communication infrastructure 165,which is commonly known as a “bus”. Communications path 166 may includewired or wireless medium that allows for communication with other wiredor wireless devices over network 170. Network 170 may communicate withInternet 171 and/or database 172. Database 172 may be utilized to saveor retrieve images or videos of users, or motion analysis data, or usersdisplayed with motion analysis data in one form or another. The datauploaded to the Internet, i.e., a remote database or remote server ormemory remote to the system may be viewed, analyzed or data mined by anycomputer that may obtain access to the data. This allows for originalequipment manufacturers to determine for a given user what sportingequipment is working best and/or what equipment to suggest. Data miningalso enables the planning of golf courses based on the data and/ormetadata associated with users, such as age, or any other demographicsthat may be entered into the system. Remote storage of data also enablesmedical applications such as morphological analysis, range of motionover time, and diabetes prevention and exercise monitoring andcompliance applications. Data mining based applications also allow forgames that use real motion capture data from other users, one or moreprevious performances of the same user, or historical players whetheralive or dead after analyzing motion pictures or videos of thehistorical players for example. Virtual reality and augmented virtualreality applications may also utilize the motion capture data orhistorical motion data. The system also enables uploading of performancerelated events and/or motion capture data to database 172, which forexample may be implemented as a social networking site. This allows forthe user to “tweet” high scores, or other metrics during or after playto notify everyone on the Internet of the new event.

FIG. 1B illustrates an architectural view of an embodiment of database172 utilized in embodiments of the system. As shown tables 180-185include information related to N number of users, M pieces of equipmentper user, P number of sensors per user or equipment, S number of sensordata per sensor, T number of patterns found in the other tables, and Dnumber of data users. All tables shown in FIG. 1B are exemplary and mayinclude more or less information as desired for the particularimplementation. Specifically, table 180 includes information related touser 150 which may include data related to the user such as age, height,weight, sex, address or any other data. Table 181 include informationrelated to M number of pieces of equipment 110, which may include clubs,racquets, bats, shirts, pants, shoes, gloves, helmets, etc., for examplethe manufacturer of the equipment, model of the equipment, and type ofthe equipment. For example, in a golf embodiment, the manufacturer maybe the name of the manufacturer, the model may be a name or model numberand the type may be the club number, i.e., 9 iron, the equipment ID maybe identifier 191 in one or more embodiments of the invention. Table 182may include information related to P number of sensors 111 on user 150or equipment 110 or mobile computer 101. The sensors associated withuser 150 may include clothing, clubs, etc., the sensors associated withequipment 110 may for example be motion capture data sensors, while thesensors associated with mobile computer 101 may include sensors 167 forposition/orientation and sensors 130 for images/video for example. Table183 may include information related to S number of sensor data per userper equipment, wherein the table may include the time and location ofthe sensor data, or any other metadata related to the sensor data suchas temperature, weather, humidity, etc., or the sensor data may includethis information or any combination thereof. The table may also containa myriad of other fields, such as ball type, i.e., in a golf embodimentthe type of golf ball utilized may be saved and later data mined for thebest performing ball types, etc. Table 184 may include informationrelated to T number of patterns that have been found in the data miningprocess for example. This may include fields that have been searched inthe various tables with a particular query and any resulting relatedresults. Any data mining results table type may be utilized in one ormore embodiments of the invention as desired for the particularimplementation. This may include search results of any kind, includingEI measurements, which also may be calculated on computer 160 locally,or any other search value from simple queries to complex patternsearches. Table 185 may include information related to D number of datamining users 151 and may include their access type, i.e., full databaseor pattern table, or limited to a particular manufacturer, etc., thetable may also include payment requirements and/or receipts for the typeof usage that the data mining user has paid for or agreed to pay for andany searches or suggestions related to any queries or patterns found forexample. Any other schema, including object oriented databaserelationships or memory based data structures that allow for data miningof sensor data including motion capture data is in keeping with thespirit of the invention. Although exemplary embodiments for particularactivities are given, one skilled in the art will appreciate that anytype of motion based activity may be captured and analyzed byembodiments of the system using a motion capture element and app thatruns on a user's existing cell phone 101, 102 or other computer 105 forexample.

There are a myriad of applications that benefit and which are enabled byembodiments of the system that provide for viewing and analyzing motioncapture data on the mobile computer or server/database, for example fordata mining database 172 by users 151. For example, users 151 mayinclude compliance monitors, including for example parents, children orelderly, managers, doctors, insurance companies, police, military, orany other entity such as equipment manufacturers that may data mine forproduct improvement. For example in a tennis embodiment by searching fortop service speeds for users of a particular size or age, or in a golfembodiment by searching for distances, i.e., differences in sequentiallocations in table 183 based on swing speed in the sensor data field intable 183 to determine which manufacturers have the best clubs, or bestclubs per age or height or weight per user, or a myriad of otherpatterns. Other embodiments related to compliance enable messages frommobile computer 101 or from server/database to be generated ifthresholds for G-forces, (high or zero or any other levels), to be sentto compliance monitors, managers, doctors, insurance companies, etc., aspreviously described. Users 151 may include marketing personnel thatdetermine which pieces of equipment certain users own and which relateditems that other similar users may own, in order to target sales atparticular users. Users 151 may include medical personnel that maydetermine how much movement a sensor for example coupled with a shoe,i.e., a type of equipment, of a diabetic child has moved and how muchthis movement relates to the average non-diabetic child, whereinsuggestions as per table 185 may include giving incentives to thediabetic child to exercise more, etc., to bring the child in line withhealthy children. Sports physicians, physiologists or physicaltherapists may utilize the data per user, or search over a large numberof users and compare a particular movement of a user or range of motionfor example to other users to determine what areas a given user canimprove on through stretching or exercise and which range of motionareas change over time per user or per population and for example whattype of equipment a user may utilize to account for changes over time,even before those changes take place. Data mining motion capture dataand image data related to motion provides unique advantages to users151. Data mining may be performed on flex parameters measured by thesensors to determine if sporting equipment, shoes, human body parts orany other item changes in flexibility over time or between equipmentmanufacturers or any combination thereof.

To ensure that analysis of user 150 during a motion capture includesimages that are relatively associated with the horizon, i.e., nottilted, the system may include an orientation module that executes oncomputer 160 within mobile device 101 for example. The computer isconfigured to prompt a user to align the camera along a horizontal planebased on orientation data obtained from orientation hardware withinmobile device 101. Orientation hardware is common on mobile devices asone skilled in the art will appreciate. This allows the image socaptured to remain relatively level with respect to the horizontalplane. The orientation module may also prompt the user to move thecamera toward or away from the user, or zoom in or out to the user toplace the user within a graphical “fit box”, to somewhat normalize thesize of the user to be captured. Images may also be utilized by users toprove that they have complied with doctors' orders for example to meetcertain motion requirements.

Embodiments of the system are further configured to recognize the atleast one motion capture element associated with user 150 or piece ofequipment 110 and associate at least one motion capture element 111 withassigned locations on user 150 or piece of equipment 110. For example,the user can shake a particular motion capture element when prompted bythe computer within mobile device 101 to acknowledge which motioncapture element the computer is requesting an identity for.Alternatively, motion sensor data may be analyzed for position and/orspeed and/or acceleration when performing a known activity andautomatically classified as to the location of mounting of the motioncapture element automatically, or by prompting the user to acknowledgethe assumed positions.

One or more embodiments of the computer in mobile device 101 isconfigured to obtain at least one image of user 150 and display athree-dimensional overlay onto the at least one image of user 150wherein the three-dimensional overlay is associated with the motionanalysis data. Various displays may be displayed on display 120. Thedisplay of motion analysis data may include a rating associated with themotion analysis data, and/or a display of a calculated ball flight pathassociated with the motion analysis data and/or a display of a time lineshowing points in time along a time axis where peak values associatedwith the motion analysis data occur and/or a suggest training regimen toaid the user in improving mechanics of the user. These filtered oranalyzed data sensor results may be stored in database 172, for examplein table 183, or the raw data may be analyzed on the database (or serverassociated with the database or in any other computer or combinationthereof in the system shown in FIG. 1 for example), and then displayedon mobile computer 101 or on website 173, or via a television broadcastfrom camera 104 for example. Data mining results may be combined in anymanner with the unique displays of the system and shown in any desiredmanner as well.

Embodiments of the system may also present an interface to enable user150 to purchase piece of equipment 110 over the wireless interface ofmobile device 101, for example via the Internet, or via computer 105which may be implemented as a server of a vendor. In addition, forcustom fitting equipment, such as putter shaft lengths, or any othercustom sizing of any type of equipment, embodiments of the system maypresent an interface to enable user 150 to order a customer fitted pieceof equipment over the wireless interface of mobile device 101.Embodiments of the invention also enable mobile device 101 to suggestbetter performing equipment to user 150 or to allow user 150 to searchfor better performing equipment as determined by data mining of database172 for distances of golf shots per club for users with swing velocitieswithin a predefined range of user 150. This allows for real lifeperformance data to be mined and utilized for example by users 151, suchas OEMs to suggest equipment to user 150, and be charged for doing so,for example by paying for access to data mining results as displayed inany computer shown in FIG. 1 or via website 173 for example. In one ormore embodiments of the invention database 172 keeps track of OEM datamining and is configured to bill users 151 for the amount of access eachof users 151 has purchased and/or used for example over a giving billingperiod. See FIG. 1B for example. In addition, for broadcast embodiments,performance data of any form, e.g., overlays or power factors of aplayer on television may be broadcast and displayed on any computercoupled with the system. The broadcast may include an advertisement orinformation that enables purchase of the equipment. The user may input apurchase command into computer 105 or mobile device 101 for the type ofequipment shown, and input their physical characteristics, e.g., height,etc., or the system may retrieve the information from database 172 inorder to enable user 150 or 151 to purchase equipment.

Embodiments of the system are configured to analyze the data obtainedfrom at least one motion capture element and determine how centered acollision between a ball and the piece of equipment is based onoscillations of the at least one motion capture element coupled with thepiece of equipment and display an impact location based on the motionanalysis data. This performance data may also be stored in database 172and used by OEMs or coaches for example to suggest clubs with higherprobability of a centered hit as data mined over a large number ofcollisions for example.

While FIG. 1A depicts a physical device, the scope of the systems andmethods set forth herein may also encompass a virtual device, virtualmachine or simulator embodied in one or more computer programs executingon a computer or computer system and acting or providing a computersystem environment compatible with the methods and processesimplementing the disclosed ideas. Where a virtual machine, process,device or otherwise performs substantially similarly to that of aphysical computer system of the system, such a virtual platform willalso fall within the scope of a system of the disclosure,notwithstanding the description herein of a physical system such as thatin FIG. 1A.

FIG. 1C illustrates a flow chart for an embodiment of the processingperformed and enabled by embodiments of the computers utilized in thesystem. In one or more embodiments of the system, optionally a pluralityof motion capture elements are calibrated (see FIG. 11B for an exampleof a multiple motion capture element mounting device that may be movedin a specific manner to calibrate multiple sensors at once for massproduction). In some embodiments this means calibrating multiple sensorson a user or piece of equipment to ensure that the sensors are alignedand/or set up with the same speed or acceleration values for a giveninput motion. In other embodiments of the invention, this means placingmultiple motion capture sensors on a calibration object that moves andcalibrates the orientation, position, speed, acceleration, or anycombination thereof at the same time. The next optional step involvesproviding motion capture elements and an app for example that allows auser with an existing mobile phone or computer to utilize embodiments ofthe system to obtain motion capture data, and potentially analyze and/orsend messages based thereon. In one or more embodiments, users maysimply purchase a motion capture element and an app and beginimmediately using the system. One or more embodiments of the system alsoallow optionally for providing motion capture mounts for the particulardesired mounting location on a user or equipment. The system capturesmotion data with motion capture element(s) and sends the motion capturedata to a mobile computer 101, 102 or 105 for example, which may includean IPOD®, ITOUCH®, IPAD®, IPHONE®, ANDROID® Phone or any other type ofcomputer that a user may utilize to locally collect data. One or moremounts may be utilized, include for an embodiment of the mobilecomputer, for example a small format IPOD® as per FIG. 41A. Thisminimizes the complexity of the sensor and offloads processing toextremely capable computing elements found in existing mobile phones andother electronic devices for example. The transmitting of data from themotion capture elements to the user's computer may happen when possible,periodically, on an event basis, when polled, or in any other manner aswill be described in various sections herein. This saves great amount ofpower compared to known systems that continuously send raw data in twoways, first data may be sent in event packets, within a time windowaround a particular motion event which greatly reduces the data to ameaningful small subset of total raw data, and secondly the data may besent less than continuously, or at defined times, or when asked for dataso as to limit the total number of transmissions. The main intelligencein the system is generally in the mobile computer or server where moreprocessing power may be utilized and so as to take advantage of thecommunications capabilities that are ubiquitous in existing mobilecomputers for example. In one or more embodiments of the system, themobile computer may optionally obtain an identifier from the user orequipment, such as a passive RFID or active RFID or other identifier,which may be utilized by the mobile computer to determine what weight asuser is lifting, or what shoes a user is running with, or what weapon auser is using, or what type of activity a user is using based on theidentifier of the equipment. The mobile computer may analyze the motioncapture data locally and display, i.e., show or send information such asa message for example when a threshold is observed in the data, forexample when too many G-forces have been registered by a soldier or racecar driver, or when not enough motion is occurring (either at the timeor based on the patterns of data in the database as discussed belowbased on the user's typical motion patterns or other user's motionpatterns for example.) In other embodiments, once a user has performed acertain amount of motion, a message may be sent to compliancemonitor(s), including for example parents, children or elderly,managers, doctors, insurance companies, police, military, or any otherentity such as equipment manufacturers. The message may be an SMSmessage, or email, or tweet or any other type of electroniccommunication. If the particular embodiment is configured for remoteanalysis or only remote analysis, then the motion capture data may besent to the server/database. If the implementation does not utilize aremote database, the analysis on the mobile computer is local. If theimplementation includes a remote database, then the analysis may beperformed on the mobile computer or server/database or both. Once thedatabase obtains the motion capture data, then the data may be analyzedand a message may be sent from the server/database to compliancepersonnel or business entities as desired. Embodiments of the inventionmake use of the data from the mobile computer and/or server for gaming,morphological comparing, compliance, tracking calories burned, workperformed, monitoring of children or elderly based on motion or previousmotion patterns that vary during the day and night, safety monitoringfor troops when G-forces exceed a threshold or motion stops, local useof running, jumping throwing motion capture data for example on a cellphone including virtual reality applications that make use of the user'scurrent and/or previous data or data from other users, or play music orselect a play list based on the type of motion a user is performing ordata mining. For example if motion is similar to a known player in thedatabase, then that user's playlist may be sent to the user's mobilecomputer 101. The processing may be performed locally so if the motionis fast, fast music is played and if the motion is slow, then slow musicmay be played. Any other algorithm for playing music based on the motionof the user is in keeping with the spirit of the invention. Any use ofmotion capture data obtained from a motion capture element and app on anexisting user's mobile computer is in keeping with the spirit of theinvention, including using the motion data in virtual realityenvironments to show relative motion of an avatar of another playerusing actual motion data from the user in a previous performance or fromanother user including a historical player for example. Display ofinformation is generally performed via three scenarios, wherein displayinformation is based on the user's motion analysis data or related tothe user's piece of equipment and previous data, wherein previous datamay be from the same user/equipment or one or more otherusers/equipment. Under this scenario, a comparison of the current motionanalysis data with previous data associated with this user/equipmentallows for patterns to be analyzed with an extremely cost effectivesystem having a motion capture sensor and app. Under another scenario,the display of information is a function of the current user'sperformance, so that the previous data selected from the user or anotheruser/equipment is based on the current user's performance. This enableshighly realistic game play, for example a virtual tennis game against ahistorical player wherein the swings of a user are effectively respondedto by the capture motion from a historical player. This type ofrealistic game play with actual data both current and previously storeddata, for example a user playing against an average pattern of a top 10player in tennis, i.e., the speed of serves, the speed and angle ofreturn shots, for a given input shot of a user makes for game play thatis as realistic as is possible. Television images may be for exampleanalyzed to determine swing speeds and types of shots taken byhistorical players that may no longer be alive to test one's skillsagainst a master, as if the master was still alive and currently playingthe user. Compliance and monitoring by the user or a different user maybe performed in a third scenario without comparison to the user'sprevious or other user's previous data wherein the different user doesnot have access to or own for example the mobile computer. In otherwords, the mobile phone is associated with the user being monitored andthe different user is obtaining information related to the currentperformance of a user for example wearing a motion capture element, suchas a baby, or a diabetes patient.

FIG. 1D illustrates a data flow diagram for an embodiment of the system,for example that utilizes one or more motion capture elements and an“app” that is configured to execute on a mobile device. As shown motioncapture data is sent from a variety of motion capture elements 111 onmany different types of equipment or associated with user 150. Theequipment or user may optionally have an identifier 191 that enables thesystem to associate a value with the motion, i.e., the weight beinglifted, the type of racquet being used, the type of electronic devicebeing used, i.e., a game controller or other object such as baby pajamasassociated with second user 152, e.g., a baby. In one or moreembodiments, elements 191 in the figure may be replaced or augmentedwith motion capture elements 111, as one skilled in the art willappreciate. In one or more embodiments of the system, mobile computer101 receives the motion capture data, for example in event form and forexample on an event basis or when requested by mobile computer 101,e.g., after motion capture elements 111 declares that there is data andturns on a receiver for a fix amount of time to field requests so as tonot waste power, and if no requests are received, then turn the receiveroff for a period of time. Once the data is in mobile computer 101, thenthe data is analyzed, for example to take raw or event based motioncapture data and for example determine items such as average speed,etc., that are more humanly understandable in a concise manner. The datamay be stored, shown to the right of mobile computer 101 and then thedata may be displayed to user 150, or 151, for example in the form of amonitor or compliance text or email or on a display associated withmobile computer 101 or computer 105. This enables users not associatedwith the motion capture element and optionally not even the mobilecomputer potentially to obtain monitor messages, for example saying thatthe baby is breathing slowly, or for example to watch a virtual realitymatch or performance, which may include a user supplying motion capturedata currently, a user having previously stored data or a historicalplayer, such as a famous golfer, etc., after analysis of motion in videofrom past tournament performance(s). In gaming scenarios, where the dataobtained currently, for example from user 150 or equipment 110, thedisplay of data, for example on virtual reality glasses may make use ofthe previous data from that user/equipment or another user/equipment torespond to the user's current motion data, i.e., as a function of theuser's input. The previous data may be stored anywhere in the system,e.g., in the mobile computer 101, computer 105 or on the server ordatabase 172 (see FIG. 1).

FIG. 2 illustrates an embodiment of the overall modes of the softwareprogrammed to execute on the computer of the mobile device, wherein thecomputer is configured to optionally recognize the motion captureelements, obtain data, analyze the data and display motion analysisdata. Mode 201 shows mobile device 101 having display 120 that displaysa user with highlighted points on the user and/or piece of equipment. Inthis mode, each sensor is identified and assigned one by one to aparticular area of the user or piece of equipment so as to recognizewhich sensors correspond to which movements of the user and/or piece ofequipment. Mode 202 is the mode where the computer in mobile deviceobtains data associated with at least one motion capture element asrecognized in mode 201. Mode 203 is the mode where the data is analyzedto form motion analysis data and display the motion analysis dataoptionally in conjunction with at least one image of the user. Mode 204is the mode where the motion analysis data and optional at least oneimage of the user is saved, or retrieved to display at a later time. Theimages may be automatically captured from a second user's mobile deviceand transferred to the user's mobile device who swung the golf club sothat they user's don't have to switch phones while playing to obtainimage data for themselves. One algorithm embodiment detects a motioncapture element data for a club that is not associated with the user ofthe video camera based mobile phone and queries nearby mobile devices todetermine if they will accept the video. The mobile device of the userwho performed the swing may automatically transfer the video so thatafter the user has swung, the user can look at their own phone and seetheir image overlaid with motion capture data without having usersswitch phones to capture video for each other. The motion capture datamay be automatically stored in database 172 which for example may be inthe form of a social network, in which case the transfer of data (forexample a new maximum power score), may be automatically “tweeted” toInternet 171 and/or database 172 to notify everyone connected to theInternet of the new event. The upload of sensor data including anyimages/video and/or motion capture data may occur whenever a telephonicor other wireless link is available to database 172 for example. I.e.,the motion capture sensors may store data until they have a wirelesslink to mobile computer 101, and mobile computer 101 may also bufferdata including any analyzed motion capture data until a link to database172 is available. Alternatively, the data transfers may occur at definedtimes, upon events such as a shot occurrence or distance moved by themobile computer and hence the user, or polled by the database or in anyother manner. Once the data is in database 172 it may be data mined aspreviously discussed.

FIG. 3 illustrates displays associated with FIG. 2 in greater detail.Mode 201 includes sub-modes 201 a where each motion capture element isasserted, moved, switched on or other wise identified. Data and/ormetadata associated with the user such as age, height, weight, equipmentmanufacturer or model number and size may also be input in this screen.Alternatively, website 173 may be utilized to input this data or anyother user related data for example. This allows for data mining thedata and/or metadata and associated motion capture data later. Owners ofdatabase 172 may charge a fee for this service. Sub-mode 201 b allowsfor assignment of the motion capture element so asserted to a particularbody part of the user, or a location on the piece of equipment. Mode 202includes sub-modes 202 a where the computer obtains data associated withat least one motion capture element, either via image capture of one ormore motion capture elements implemented as visual markers, or viawireless sensors, or both visual markers and wireless sensors. Mode 203includes sub-mode 203 a where main motion analysis data items may bedisplayed, and sub-mode 203 b where detailed motion analysis data itemsmay be displayed. Mode 204 shows selection of an archive name to storearchive motion capture data, i.e., the motion analysis data and anyimages of the user. Mode 204 also allows for retrieval of an archivedmotion capture data by selected a list item on the display of the mobiledevice. In one or more embodiments, the motion capture archived data maybe stored on the mobile device or remotely on computer 105, or indatabase 172 accessed via network 170 and/or via Internet 171.

FIG. 4 illustrates and embodiment of the recognition module that isconfigured to assign particular sensors to particular locations on anathlete and/or on a piece of equipment. In this simplified interface formode 201, a mobile application is selected from the interface in the farleft screen shot that then displays a number of activities or sportsthat can be motion captured by embodiments of the system. Selecting thedesired sport via a finger gesture or any other manner in this displayshows sub-mode screen 201 c that allows for the assignment of sensors toareas of the user's body, and/or sub-mode screen 201 d that allows forthe assignment of sensors to areas on the equipment for the particularsport selected in the second screen from the left in the figure.Automatic determination of the assigned sensor locations is alsopossible based on analyzing the spatial data obtain from a golf swing.For example by determining the positions, or speed of the varioussensors, an automatic assignment may be made, for example by taking thefastest moving component and assigning that to the golf club head, whiletaking the next fastest component and assigning that component to thehands, etc. Any other technique for automatically assigning sensors tolocations of embodiments of the invention is in keeping with the spiritof the invention. In embodiments of the invention that utilize RFID orother identifier mechanism coupled with the golf club, such as a uniqueidentifier per motion capture element for example, the user may enter agolf club number associated with a particular golf club so that thesystem knows which club is in proximity to the mobile computer or whichgolf club number for example has been moved through a golf swing. Forbaseball, the thick end of the bat generally moves faster and travelsfarther than the handle, and the system can automatically determinewhich sensor is which by analyzing the speed for example or totaldistance travelled when the bat is moved in a substantially horizontalplane. This automatic assignment makes the system easy to use andapplies to all types of equipment, as one skilled in the art willappreciate.

FIG. 5 illustrates an embodiment of the obtain data module that isconfigured to obtain data from a camera (optionally on the mobile deviceor obtain through another camera or camera on another mobile device)through asserting the “start” button on the display. Any other method ofinitiating the computer within the mobile device to obtain data is inkeeping with the spirit of the system including user gestures such asmoving the piece of equipment in a particular manner or in any otherway. This is shown as sub-mode 202 a. When motion data capture is to beterminated, any user gesture may be performed via the display of themobile device, via the piece of equipment or via audio input to themobile device for example. Any other method of informing the computer tono longer obtain data is in keeping with the spirit of the system.Sub-mode 203 a where main motion analysis data items may be displayed,and sub-mode 203 b where detailed motion analysis data items may bedisplayed are shown with “close” buttons, so that the data can beignored for example. In addition, a slider in sub-mode 203 a allows forprecise control of the speed and/or location of the playback so thatslow motion analysis may be utilized to better understand the analysisand display of motion analysis data. In addition, the figure showsdisplays data analyzed by the analysis module and generated by thedisplay module to show either the user along with motion analysis data,or with motion analysis data alone. Double clicking or tapping on adetailed item may optionally display a list of exercises that a user mayperform to increase the user's performance.

FIG. 6 illustrates a detailed drill down into the motion analysis datato display including overall efficiency, head, torso, hip, hand, club,left and right foot segment efficiencies. Embodiments of the system thusenable physical training specific to the area that a user needs asdetermined by the analysis module. For example, asserting, doubleclicking or tapping, or clicking on the “training” button on the bottomof each efficiency screen as shown may display video, audio, or a listof exercises that a user may perform to increase the user's performancespecific to that segment. In addition, by asserting the “fitting” buttonon each segment display, a detailed list of pieces of equipment that mayperform better for the user based on the motion analysis data may beviewed. For example, if the user is swing too stiff of a golf club, thenthe golf club may be taking power out of the swing by slowing downbefore impacting a golf ball, while a more flexible shaft would speed upbefore impacting a golf ball. By asserting the “fitting” button, andbased on the motion analysis data, for example club head speed or ifmultiple sensors are fitted on the shaft, then by the flexing of theshaft, then alternate golf clubs may be displayed to the user. The usermay then press the purchase button, as will be detailed later, topurchase or custom order equipment that is better suited to the user.The displays shown in FIG. 6 or any of the other figures that displaydata associated with the user may also include data mining results orcomparisons or suggestions or fields for searching and performing datamining. For example, the power factor achieved for a given swing may becompared against average users or professional users and suggest otherequipment that may improve performance as per data mining patternsdiscovered in database 172 and stored for example in table 184. Thisdata may be viewed in an augmented reality environment or with virtualreality glasses, etc.

FIG. 7 illustrates a close up display of motion analysis data associatedwith a user, without use of an image associated with a user. In thisclose-up of sub-mode 203 b, the efficiency, swing speed, release speed,face alignment angle and other quantities associated with the motionanalysis data are displayed. Any data that is obtained or that can beanalyzed and derived may be displayed. This includes any data previouslysaved in database 172 or data mined from database 172 for example.

FIG. 8 illustrates an embodiment of the motion capture element thatoptionally includes a visual marker and/or sensor. One or moreembodiments of the sensors are small, for example 12 mm or less indiameter and 4 mm or less thick in one embodiment. In addition, thesensors are inexpensive, lightweight, for example less than 5 grams inone or more embodiments. The sensors may utilize known wirelesscommunications protocols such as BLUETOOTH™ with a range ofapproximately 10 meters for Bluetooth class 2, or 100 meters forBluetooth class 1. Embodiments of the sensor may sample at 1200 timesper second or higher or lower depending on the desired performancerequirements. The sensors may be sealed for water resistance or proofingand while some embodiments may be opened, for example to replace abattery held inside the sensor housing. Any other sensor havingdimensions or capabilities that allow for measurement of any combinationof one or more of orientation, position, velocity and/or accelerationthat may couple to a piece of equipment or user may be utilized in oneor more embodiments as a motion capture element.

FIG. 9 illustrates a front view of FIG. 8. In this figure, the visualmarker is shown from above and signifies an instrumented user. Thecontrast between black and white allows for ease of capture.

FIG. 10 illustrates an embodiment of motion capture element 111implemented with a single white circle on a black passive marker andgray scale images thereof to show how the marker can be tracked byobtaining an image and searching for a luminance change from black towhite as shown at point 1001. Any other image processing algorithm maybe utilized to find an embodiment of the motion capture element withinan image as one skilled in the art will recognize, for example based ona color difference or gradient detected in an image in the area of anembodiment of motion capture element 111.

FIG. 11 illustrates a hardware implementation of the sensor portion of amotion capture element implemented as a wireless inertial measurementunit, and an embodiment as configured to couple with a weight port of agolf club for example. Printed circuit board (PCB) may be utilized tohold the various components of the sensor including any orientation,position, velocity and/or accelerometers. Hole 1101 may be utilized as ascrew hole or other coupling point for coupling motion capture element111 to a piece of equipment, such as into a weight port of a golf club.Alternatively, threads at location 1102 or at location 1103 may beutilized to screw motion capture element 111 onto the piece ofequipment. Any other method of coupling motion capture element to apiece of equipment or user is in keeping with the spirit of theinvention. Embodiments of the invention may also be placed near the headof a golf club, in the handle of a golf club, or in any other piece ofequipment. When placing an embodiment of the invention near the golfclub head or handle, an adapter may be utilized so as to fit theapparatus to the specific make and/or model of the golf club. Eachmanufacturer has multiple types of weight port sizes, locations andshapes and any adapter that can for example screw into a weight porthole and also fit threads at location 1102 may be utilized as anadapter. For handles, any tube size for a given make or model of a clubmay be utilized as an adapter so long as it allows the components ofembodiments of the invention to fit inside the golf club and withstandthe forces involved with a golf club swing.

FIG. 12 illustrates an embodiment of the motion capture element asconfigured to couple with different golf club types and a shoe. As shownin the leftmost figure, motion capture element 111 can couple directlyto a piece of equipment such as a golf club in the rear portion of theclub head. As the second from left figure illustrates, motion captureelement 111 may couple onto the bottom of a piece of equipment, such asa golf putter. In addition, as the third figure from the leftillustrates, motion capture element 111 may couple into the weight portof a piece of equipment, such as a driver. Furthermore, motion captureelement may couple with a piece of equipment that is worn by the user,effectively coupling with the user as shown in the rightmost figure.

FIG. 13 illustrates a close-up of the shoe of FIG. 12 along with apressure map of a shoe configured with a pressure matt inside the shoeconfigured to output pressure per particular areas of the shoe. In thisembodiment, motion capture element may also interface to a pressuresensing mat capable of producing pressure map 1301 from inside of theshoe and relay the pressure information to the mobile device foranalysis. Alternatively, pressure sensors may be placed through theshoe, for example in a grid, to provide weight bearing information tothe mobile device, for example wirelessly via the motion captureelement. Each pressure sensor may couple to a transceiver or contain itsown transceiver, or couple via wires or wirelessly to the motion captureelement in order to transmit pressure data, for example to display ondisplay 120. By color coding the map and displaying the map on display120, a color graphic rating is thus obtained, which may includenumerical ratings of the pressure signature when compared to savedpressure maps which resulted in good swings for example.

FIG. 14 illustrates an embodiment of sunglasses configured with a motioncapture element. In addition, the sunglasses may also include a videoviewing device that may be utilized for display 120 so that the user maywatch images of the user with motion analysis data via the sunglasses.In this manner, any computer 160, 105, or any other computer coupled tonetwork 170 or Internet 171 may be utilized to obtain data and analyzedata so that the resulting motion analysis data may be displayed on thesunglasses, for example for virtual reality and/or augmented virtualreality display. Viewing past performance data in the form of avatarsthat move according to motion capture data held in database 172 forexample enables a user to view relative performance, i.e., a user wouldsee a faster user's avatar running in front of the current user forexample, or to play a game, i.e., tennis for example with an avatar ofanother user or the given user moving according to motion capture datain database 172. Playing games using actual stored motion capture dataprovides the most realistic virtual reality possible. For example, givenone user having a motion capture element or more coupled with the userallows the user to play another user having a motion capture element, orplay against a previously stored performance of the same user, or both,or play along with a historical figure such as a famous player whetherstill alive or not, or play against a data mined “constructed” playerthat has some combination or function of motion data mined from previousperformances of motion data previously stored for one or more users.

FIG. 15 illustrates an embodiment of a display that depicts the locationof a golf ball strike as determined by the oscillations in the golf clubface during and/or after the golf club impacts a golf ball. In one ormore embodiments of the invention, if the golf ball impacts the club atlocation 1501, then a particular frequency response is obtained viaorientation or velocity sensors in motion capture element 111 that iscoupled with the club shown. If the golf ball impacts the club atlocation 1502, then a distinct frequency response is obtained via themotion capture element 111 coupled to the club. One embodiment fordetermining where a ball impacts a club involves recording impacts froma variety of locations at a range of speeds and using the resultingfrequency responses to determine which one is the closest to the impactdetected. Impacts that occur high or low on the club face tend toproduce a vertical axis oscillation of greater amplitude than impactsthat occur at location 1501. Impacts that occur closer to the shaft tendto produce lower amplitude oscillations in the horizontal axis thanimpacts that occur further from the shaft. Hence, another method fordetermining impact is to form a ratio of the amplitude of horizontal tovertical axis frequency amplitude and then search for the closest matchfrom a saved set of impact frequency responses and retrieve the x and ylocations on the club face where the closest match has occurred. Inanother embodiment of the system, a series of impacts is recording atthe center of the club and at 4 points away from the center along thepositive x axis, (away from the shaft), positive z axis (above thecenter point of the face), negative x axis (near the shaft) and negativez axis (below the center point of the face) wherein the motion captureelement transmits x, y and z velocities associated with the impact. Thevelocities are converted into the frequency domain and saved. Then, whendetermining an impact location for a test swing, an interpolationbetween the impact in question and the center point and 4 other pointsis performed to determine the location of the impact. Any other methodof determining the impact location that does not require other sensorsbesides the motion capture element coupled to the club is in keepingwith the spirit of the invention.

FIG. 16 illustrates a camera alignment tool as utilized with embodimentsof the system to create normalized images for capture data mining. Inthis figure, level lines 1601 are shown that for example become brighterwhen the mobile device is level. Any other manner of displaying that themobile device is level may also be utilized. Icons on the left side ofthe screen show that the motion capture data and images may be saved,emailed, or sent to popular social networking sites such as FACEBOOK®and TWITTER®. FIG. 17 illustrates a balance box and center alignmentline to aid in centering a user to obtain image data. FIG. 18illustrates a balance box and center alignment line, along with primaryand secondary shaft lines to aid in centering and analyzing images ofthe user for use in capturing data from the side of the user. Once theuser is centered, the computer may obtain data and images that arenormalized to the horizontal plane.

FIG. 19 illustrates an embodiment of the display configured to aid inclub fitting for a user, wherein a user may test multiple clubs andwherein the display shows motion analysis data. For embodiments of thesystem that include purchase and order fulfillment options, buttons suchas “purchase” and “customer order” may be utilized. Alternatively, a“buy” button 1902 may be shown in “club fitting” mode 1901 that enablesa user to buy or custom order a custom club that the user is workingwith. In one or more embodiments of the invention the equipmentidentifier may be sent over Internet 171 to an Internet based dropshipper (or via website 173 for a salesperson to receive and communicatewith the user, or in any other manner as one skilled in the art willappreciate including but not limited to text messaging, emails or phonecalls to a sales person directly from the mobile computer withtelephonic interface) along with user information for example on mobilecomputer 101 or in table 180 of FIG. 1B to ship the equipment to theaddress associated with the user. Table 180 may also include credit cardinformation or other payment information for example. The purchase maybe made within a virtual reality environment for example during a gamebeing played with remote, virtual or historical players for example,wherein the “Buy” button is viewed in virtual reality space and assertedfor example by “touching” the virtual button or in any other manner.

FIG. 20 illustrates an embodiment of the display configured to displaymotion analysis data along with the user, some of which is overlaid ontothe user to aid in understanding the motion analysis data in a morehuman understandable format. For example, rotation rings 2003 may beshown overlaid on one or more images of the user to shown the angle ofthe axis of rotation of portions of the user's body, such as shouldersand hips. In addition, motion analysis data associated with the user canbe shown numerically as shown for example as “efficiency” of the swing2002, and velocity of the swing 2001. The motion capture data and imagesmay be saved to database 172 and later utilized to play a game againstanother player for example on a virtual reality golf course.Alternatively, or in combination, the data may be streamed between todistally located players with or without historical data, or thehistorical data may be saved on one or more machines and streamedbetween users without accessing the database for example. The player maybe a historical player whose performance data has been analyzed andstored in the database for later game playing for example.

FIG. 21 illustrates an embodiment of the system configured to display auser from multiple angles 2101 when multiple cameras are available. Anyalgorithm that may process images to eliminate backgrounds for examplemay be utilized to show multiple instances of the user on onebackground. Alternatively, one or more embodiments of the system mayshow one image of the user at a time in slow motion as the user moves,while changing the angle of the view of the user in normal time, whichis known as BULLET TIME®.

FIG. 22 illustrates another embodiment of the multi-angle display as isalso shown in FIG. 21. This figure also includes three-dimensionaloverlay graphics 2201 to aid in understanding the motion analysis datain a more human understandable manner. Second instance of the user 2202may or may not be shown with the same overlay from a different angle.

FIG. 23 shows an embodiment of the system configured to display motionanalysis data on a mobile computer, personal computer, IPAD® or anyother computer with a display device large enough to display the desireddata.

In any embodiments detailed herein, efficiency may be calculated in avariety of ways and displayed. For embodiments of the invention thatutilize one motion capture element, then the motion capture elementassociated with the club head may be utilized to calculate theefficiency. In one or more embodiments of the invention, efficiency maybe calculated as:

Efficiency=(90−angle of club face with respect to direction oftravel)*Vc/Vmax

As more sensors are added further from the piece of equipment, such asin this case a club, the more refined the efficiency calculation may be.FIG. 24 illustrates a timeline display of motion analysis data thatshows multiple sensor angular speeds obtained from multiple sensors on auser and on a piece of equipment. FIG. 25 illustrates a timeline displayof angular speed of a second user. One or more embodiments of the systemmay calculate an efficiency based on relative times of the peaks of thehips, shoulders, arms and club for example. In one or more embodimentsof the invention utilizing more than one motion capture element, forexample on the handle and club head, the angular velocity Wa of thehandle is divided by the angular velocity We of the club head tocalculate efficiency with more information. By obtaining a large numberof timelines from various professional athletes and determining averageamplitudes of angular velocities of various body parts and/or timings,then more refined versions of the efficiency equation may be created andutilized. Old video may be analyzed by determining the difference indistances shown versus the time between frames for a particular video todetermine speeds, which may be stored as previous motion capture datafor use in virtual reality environments and scenarios.

Efficiency=(90−angle of club face with respect to direction oftravel)*Vc/Vmax*Wa/Wc*1.2

FIG. 26 illustrates a timeline display of a user along with peak andminimum angular speeds along the timeline shown as events along the timeline instead of as Y-axis data as shown in FIGS. 24 and 25. In thisunique view, the points in time where the peaks of the graphs of FIGS.24 and 25 are shown as colored boxes that correspond to the colors ofthe graphs in FIGS. 24 and 25, yet in a more human understandable formatthat shows the relative timing of the peaks. In addition, at the bottomof FIG. 26 a graph showing the lead and lag of the golf club along withthe droop and drift of the golf club is shown wherein these valuesdetermine how much the golf club shaft is bending in two axes as plottedagainst time.

One or more embodiments of the system may analyze the peaks and/ortiming of the peaks in order to determine a list of exercises to provideto a user to improve the mechanics of the user. For example, if the armsare rotating too late or with not enough speed, a list can be providedto the user such as:

TABLE 1 Arm Speed Exercise 1000-1500 degrees/sec Impact Bag Drawbacks1501-1750 degrees/sec Drawbacks 1751-2000 degrees/sec No drills

The list of exercises may include any exercises for any body part andmay displayed on display 120. For example, by asserting the “Training”button on the displays shown in FIG. 6, a corresponding body part listof exercises may be displayed on display 120.

FIG. 27 illustrates a display of the calculated flight path 2701 of aball based on the motion analysis data wherein the display is associatedwith any type of computer, personal computer, IPAD® or any other type ofdisplay capable of displaying images. FIG. 28 illustrates a display ofthe calculated flight path 2801 of a ball based on motion analysis datawherein the display is coupled with a mobile device. After a swing of agolf club, and based on the club head speed as determined by motioncapture element 111, the loft of the club and the angle at which theclub strikes the ball (meaning that there is another motion captureelement in the handle or near the hands of the user), a flight path maybe calculated and displayed. Any model may be utilized as is known inthe art to calculate the trajectory based on the club velocity asmeasure via motion capture element 111, one such model is described in apaper by MacDonald and Hanzely, “The physics of the drive in golf”, Am.J. Phys 59 (3) 213-218 (1991). In addition, the actual distancescalculated and store in the database, for example as differences betweenlocations of shots for example in table 183 in database 172 may be usedto verify or refine the model and may take into account the type ofequipment, club and ball for example utilized to refine the model, forexample with regression analysis, or in any other manner. See FIG. 37for one embodiment of the equation used to calculate the accelerationsin the x, y and z axes wherein:

x=laterally sideways (right is positive, left is negative)

y=down the fairway (always positive)

z=vertically upwards (up is positive, down is negative)

B=a constant dependent on the conditions of the air, an appropriatevalue=0.00512

u=vector of relative velocity between the ball and the air (i.e. wind),u=v−v_(w)

Cd=coefficient of drag which depends on the speed and spin of the ball

Cl=coefficient of drag which depends on the speed and spin of the ball

a=the angle between the vertical and the axis of rotation of thespinning ball

g=the acceleration due to gravity=32.16 ft/s2

A numerical form of the equations may be utilized to calculate theflight path for small increments of time assuming no wind and a spinaxis of 0.1 radians or 5.72 degrees is as follows:

xacceleration=−0.00512*(vx̂2+vŷ2+vẑ2)̂(½)*((46.0/(vx̂2+vŷ2+vẑ2)̂(½))*(vx)+(33.4/(vx̂2+vŷ2+vẑ2)̂(½))*(vy)*sin(0.1))

yacceleration=−0.00512*(vx̂2+vŷ2+vẑ2)̂(½)*((46.0/(vx̂2+vŷ2+vẑ2)̂(½))*(vy)−(33.4/(vx̂2+vŷ2+vẑ2)̂(½))*((vx)*sin(0.1)−(vz)*cos(0.1)))

zacceleration=−32.16−0.00512*(vx̂2+vŷ2+vẑ2)̂(½)*((46.0/(vx̂2+vŷ2+vẑ2)̂(½))*(vz)−(33.4/(vx̂2+vŷ2+vẑ2)̂(½))*(vy)*cos(0.1))

FIG. 29 illustrates a display of a broadcast television event wherein atleast one motion capture element in the form of a motion sensor iscoupled with the golf club and optionally the user. The display can beshown in normal time after the athlete strikes the ball, or in slowmotion with motion analysis data including the three-dimensional overlayof the position of the sensor on the end of the club shown as a traceline and including the angle of the plane 2901 in which the swing takesplace versus the horizontal plane. In addition, other motion analysisdata may be shown such as the swing speed 2902, distance (calculated oractual) and efficiency 2903. This information or information in anyother display described herein may be shown with or relative to datamining results of past performances of the player or other player forexample based in any manner.

FIG. 30 illustrates a display of the swing path with a strobe effectwherein the golf club in this example includes sensors on the club headand near the handle, or optionally near the hands or in the gloves ofthe user. Optionally, imaged based processing from a high-speed cameramay be utilized to produce the display. A line or captured portion ofthe actual shaft from images may be displayed at angle 3001, 3002 and3003 for example. The swing path for good shots can be compared to swingpaths for inaccurate shots to display the differences in a humanunderstandable manner. The distance between the club head in pixels maybe utilized in combination with the length of the club and angle thereofto determine the speed of the club based on the time between images. Thecalculated speed and various angles may be stored for later use in avirtual reality game for example.

FIG. 31 illustrates a display of shaft efficiency 3105 as measuredthrough the golf swing. For example, by obtaining motion capture datanear the club head and club handle, graphical strobe effects and motionanalysis data can show the club head through time at 3101, 3102, 3103and 3104 and also display speed, club handle speed and club shaftefficiency at 3106 in normal time or slow motion.

FIG. 32 illustrates a display of putter head speed and/or accelerationbased on at least one sensor near the putter head, for example ascoupled into the weight port of a putter. The various quantities fromthe motion analysis data can be displayed at 3201 to aid inunderstanding speed and/or acceleration patterns for good putts and badputts to help viewers understand speed and/or acceleration in a morehuman understandable manner.

FIG. 33 illustrates a display of dynamic lie angle, wherein the lieangle of the player at address 3302 before swinging at the ball can becompared to the lie angle at impact 3301 to help the viewer understandhow lie angle effects loft and ball flight, while quantitatively showingthe values at 3303.

FIG. 34 illustrates a display of shaft release, wherein the angularrelease velocity of the golf shaft is a large component of theefficiency of a swing. As shown, a display of a golfer that has sensorsnear his waist and hips (to produce spine angle 3402) and sensors on thegolf club head and handle (to produce shaft angle 3401), or asdetermined through image processing with or without visual markers, isshown along with the motion analysis data including club shaft releasein degrees per second at 3403.

FIG. 35 illustrates a display of rotational velocity wherein the faceangle, club face closure in degrees per second, the loft angle and lieangle are determined from a motion capture sensor coupled with the clubhead for example and numerically shown at 3501. In one or moreembodiments of the invention, a piece of equipment that includes twomotion capture elements on opposing ends of the equipment, for examplein the club head and handle of a golf club may include a calibrationstage wherein the club face angle which is known and the angularorientations of the mounted motion capture sensors are calibrated sothat their exact offsets for example with respect to the orientation ofthe shaft of the golf club is taken into account. In this manner,fitting experts and performance data in general related to the club canbe normalized to the actual orientation of the club to ensure consistentdata. Any of the previous video images may be utilized in virtualreality simulations, scenarios or games by determining the angles,speeds, accelerations or other changes between known time differences ineach frame of video. For example for 30 frames per second, each image inthe video differs by 0.033 seconds, by knowing the size of a club, thedistance between the location of the club in successive frames, dividedby the time between frames is equal to the velocity of the club, i.e.,v=d/t. Any method of calculating motion or any derivative thereof basedon different locations of objects in video is in keeping with the spiritof the invention.

FIG. 36 illustrates a display of historical players with motion analysisdata computed through image processing to show the performance of greatplayers. By tracing and determining the locations of two points 3601 and3602 on each player's golf club as shown and knowing the height of theplayers and/or lengths of their clubs and angle at which the imageswhere taken, distances and thus velocities of the golf clubs may bedetermined to calculate numerical values as shown at 3603. Thisinformation may be stored posthumously in database 172 and data miningmay be performed using the data as previously described. Users 150 maybe compared against the greats and displayed on any computer describedherein for example so long as the computer includes a display. In one ormore embodiments, the players shown may be avatars in a virtual realitygame, which are moving in concert with real instrumented players or datafrom a previous performance of the same or other user or the motion of ahistorical player as analyzed in one or more embodiments of theinvention. Any model or avatar of a user, whether following the motionof an instrumented user, or previous motion of the user or another useror historical player may be utilized in displaying players in a virtualreality game, albeit using motion capture data whether calculated orfrom a motion capture sensor associated with a player or piece ofequipment. Also shown is a red cross in the right image below the 96power factor which is an aim assist or aim guide that may be utilized bya player in a virtual reality environment to help in deciding where toaim.

In one scenario, a first user buys an instrumented piece of equipmentand decides to play a virtual game as is illustrated in FIG. 36A. Themethod begins at 3650. The first user selects a real or virtual locationto play the game, for example the Master's Tournament of 1960 and thesystem accepts this at 3651. This may include a broadcast of the game orotherwise enable a group to find to play with, or the selection anyhistorical player to play with, or previous motion from the same player,or otherwise enables other users to find the first user to enter thegame. The first user selects an avatar that the system accepts at 3652,for example the player shown on the right or a virtual character of anytype. The first user may optionally select an aim assist/swing assistthat the system accepts at 3653, for example to display a cross hair tohelp select where to shoot at, as shown in the right image and based onthe wind at the particular golf course the user is playing at or thesimulated wind speed and direction. The first user plays the game andviews the motion of the avatar in the VR as the user accepts motioncapture data from the user and the avatar is moved accordingly anddisplayed by the system at 3654, for example wearing the VR glassesshown in FIG. 14. The system then broadcasts the motion data to theother user(s) and shows the other user's motion when they take turnsplaying at 3655. As users play, they may track each other's metrics overthe net or locally, and/or see the metrics of the historical player orpreviously stored data of the first or second user. In one or moreembodiments, the users may optionally hear feedback based on shots aspresented by the system at 3656, for example cheers or boos or pleasanttones or not so pleasant tones for a bad shot. If the users are doneplaying as accepted by the system at 3657, the users may save the gameat 3658 and play the game back later, for example retrieve the data fromdatabase 172 at a later time. Otherwise, the system accepts motioncapture data of any real users and broadcasts the motion to the virtualreality environment for the other real users to see at 3654 and 3655until they finish or otherwise quit the game.

FIG. 37 illustrates one embodiment of the equations used for predictinga golf ball flight path as used to produce displays as shown in FIGS. 27and 28.

While the ideas herein disclosed has been described by means of specificembodiments and applications thereof, numerous modifications andvariations could be made thereto by those skilled in the art withoutdeparting from the scope of the invention set forth in the claims.

What is claimed is:
 1. A broadcasting system for broadcasting imageswith augmented motion data comprising: at least one camera configured toreceive images containing at least one motion capture element; acomputer; a wireless communication interface configured to receivemotion capture data from said at least one motion capture element;wherein said computer is coupled with said wireless communicationinterface and said at least one camera, and wherein said computer isconfigured to receive said motion capture data after a communicationslink to said at least one motion capture element is available andcapable of receiving information; receive said motion capture data afteran event or periodically request said motion capture data from said atleast one motion capture element; recognize said at least one motioncapture element associated with a user or piece of equipment andassociate said at least one motion capture element with assignedlocations on said user or said piece of equipment; receive dataassociated with said at least one motion capture element via saidwireless communication interface; receive one or more images of saiduser associated with said at least one motion capture element from saidat least one camera; analyze said data to form motion analysis data;draw a three-dimensional overlay onto at least one of said one or moreimages of said user, a rating onto at least one of said one or moreimages of said user, at least one power factor value onto at least oneof said one or more images of said user, a calculated ball flight pathonto at least one of said one or more images of said user, a time lineshowing points in time along a time axis where peak values occur onto atleast one of said one or more images of said user, an impact location ofa ball on said piece of equipment onto at least one of said one or moreimages of said user, a slow motion display of the user shown from aroundthe user at various angles at normal speed onto at least one of said oneor more images of said user, or any combination thereof associated withsaid motion analysis data; and, broadcast said one or more images to amultiplicity of display devices.
 2. The broadcasting system according toclaim 1 wherein said computer is further configured to: accesspreviously stored motion capture data or motion analysis data associatedwith said user or piece of equipment or previously stored motion capturedata or motion analysis data associated with at least one other user orother piece of equipment; broadcast information comprising at least oneavatar associated with said at least one user on a virtual realitydisplay based on said motion analysis data associated with said user orpiece of equipment and said previously stored motion capture data ormotion analysis data associated with said user or piece of equipment orsaid previously stored motion capture data or motion analysis dataassociated with at least one other user or other piece of equipment. 3.The broadcasting system according to claim 1 wherein said computer isconfigured to: broadcast said one or more images based on a comparisonof said motion analysis data associated with said user or said piece ofequipment and previously stored motion capture data or motion analysisdata associated with said user or said piece of equipment or previouslystored motion capture data or said motion analysis data associated withat least one other user.
 4. The broadcasting system according to claim 1further comprising: an identifier coupled with said user or said pieceof equipment; wherein said computer further comprises an identifierreader configured to obtain said identifier; wherein said computerfurther configured to receive said identifier; and associate saididentifier with said motion analysis data.
 5. The broadcasting systemaccording to claim 1 wherein said computer is further configured to:broadcast said one or more images to enable a multiplicity of viewers topurchase said piece of equipment based on said one or more images. 6.The broadcasting system according to claim 5 wherein said computer isfurther configured to: broadcast an advertisement with informationrelated to purchasing said piece of equipment based on said one or moreimages.
 7. The broadcasting system according to claim 1 wherein saidcomputer is further configured to: broadcast said one or more images toenable a multiplicity of viewers to order a custom fitted piece ofequipment over a network.
 8. The broadcasting system according to claim1 wherein said computer is further configured to broadcast an alarm ifsaid motion analysis data comprises a value below a first threshold orabove a second threshold or either below said first threshold or abovesaid second threshold.
 9. The broadcasting system according to claim 1wherein said multiplicity of display devices comprises televisions,computers, mobile devices or any combination thereof.
 10. Thebroadcasting system according to claim 1 wherein said computer isfurther configured to: broadcast said one or more images to theInternet.
 11. The broadcasting system according to claim 1 wherein saidcomputer is further configured to: intermittently receive said motioncapture data and synchronize said images in time with said motioncapture data.
 12. The broadcasting system according to claim 1 whereinsaid computer is further configured to: intermittently receive saidmotion capture data and synchronize said images in time with said motioncapture data based on location information associated with said images,and location information, an identifier and time associated with said atleast one motion capture element.
 13. The broadcasting system accordingto claim 1 wherein said computer is further configured to:intermittently receive said motion capture data and synchronize saidimages in time with said motion capture data based on time and anidentifier associated with said images, and time and an identifierassociated with said at least one motion capture data element.
 14. Thebroadcasting system according to claim 1 wherein said computer isfurther configured to: intermittently receive said motion capture dataand synchronize said images in time with said motion capture data basedon time, location information and a motion event associated with saidimages, and time, location information and a motion event associatedwith said at least one motion capture data element.
 15. The broadcastingsystem according to claim 1 wherein said computer is further configuredto: recognize said at least one motion capture element after said atleast one motion capture element is removed from said piece of equipmentand coupled with a second piece of equipment.
 16. A broadcasting systemfor broadcasting images with augmented motion data comprising: at leastone camera configured to receive images containing at least one motioncapture element; a computer; a wireless communication interfaceconfigured to receive motion capture data from said at least one motioncapture element; wherein said computer is coupled with said wirelesscommunication interface and said at least one camera, and wherein saidcomputer is configured to receive said motion capture data after acommunications link to said at least one motion capture element isavailable and capable of receiving information; receive said motioncapture data after an event or periodically request said motion capturedata from said at least one motion capture element; receive dataassociated with said at least one motion capture element via saidwireless communication interface; receive one or more images of saiduser associated with said at least one motion capture element from saidat least one camera; analyze said data to form motion analysis data;draw a three-dimensional overlay onto at least one of said one or moreimages of said user, a rating onto at least one of said one or moreimages of said user, at least one power factor value onto at least oneof said one or more images of said user, a calculated ball flight pathonto at least one of said one or more images of said user, a time lineshowing points in time along a time axis where peak values occur onto atleast one of said one or more images of said user, an impact location ofa ball on said piece of equipment onto at least one of said one or moreimages of said user, a slow motion display of the user shown from aroundthe user at various angles at normal speed onto at least one of said oneor more images of said user, or any combination thereof associated withsaid motion analysis data; broadcast said one or more images to amultiplicity of display devices; access previously stored motion capturedata or motion analysis data associated with said user or piece ofequipment or previously stored motion capture data or motion analysisdata associated with at least one other user or other piece ofequipment; broadcast information comprising at least one avatarassociated with said at least one user on a virtual reality displaybased on said motion analysis data associated with said user or piece ofequipment and said previously stored motion capture data or motionanalysis data associated with said user or piece of equipment or saidpreviously stored motion capture data or motion analysis data associatedwith at least one other user or other piece of equipment.
 17. Thebroadcasting system according to claim 16 wherein said computer isfurther configured to: intermittently receive said motion capture dataand synchronize said images in time with said motion capture data. 18.The broadcasting system according to claim 16 wherein said computer isfurther configured to: recognize said at least one motion captureelement after said at least one motion capture element is removed fromsaid piece of equipment and coupled with a second piece of equipment.19. A broadcasting system for broadcasting images with augmented motiondata comprising: at least one camera configured to receive imagescontaining at least one motion capture element; a computer; a wirelesscommunication interface configured to receive motion capture data fromsaid at least one motion capture element; wherein said computer iscoupled with said wireless communication interface and said at least onecamera, and wherein said computer is configured to receive said motioncapture data after a communications link to said at least one motioncapture element is available and capable of receiving information;receive said motion capture data after an event or periodically requestsaid motion capture data from said at least one motion capture element;intermittently receive data associated with said at least one motioncapture element via said wireless communication interface; receive oneor more images of said user associated with said at least one motioncapture element from said at least one camera; synchronize said one ormore images in time with said motion capture data; analyze said data toform motion analysis data; draw a three-dimensional overlay onto atleast one of said one or more images of said user, a rating onto atleast one of said one or more images of said user, at least one powerfactor value onto at least one of said one or more images of said user,a calculated ball flight path onto at least one of said one or moreimages of said user, a time line showing points in time along a timeaxis where peak values occur onto at least one of said one or moreimages of said user, an impact location of a ball on said piece ofequipment onto at least one of said one or more images of said user, aslow motion display of the user shown from around the user at variousangles at normal speed onto at least one of said one or more images ofsaid user, or any combination thereof associated with said motionanalysis data; broadcast said one or more images to a multiplicity ofdisplay devices, wherein said computer is configured to broadcast saidone or more images based on a comparison of said motion analysis dataassociated with said user or said piece of equipment and previouslystored motion capture data or motion analysis data associated with saiduser or said piece of equipment or previously stored motion capture dataor said motion analysis data associated with at least one other user.20. The broadcasting system according to claim 19 wherein said computeris further configured to: recognize said at least one motion captureelement after said at least one motion capture element is removed fromsaid piece of equipment and coupled with a second piece of equipment.